Rig Veda 5.30.15: Mandala 5, Sukta 30, Mantra 15

Sukta 5.30

Rishi: Atri Bhauma (Ātreya)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm via metrical audit)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

चतुःसहस्रं गव्यस्य पश्वः प्रत्यग्रभीष्म रुशमेष्वग्ने । घर्मश्चित्तप्तः प्रवृजे य आसीदयस्मयस्तम्वादाम विप्राः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.30.15

Transliteration

catúḥsahasraṃ gávya̍sya paśváḥ práty agrabhīṣma ruśámeṣv agne | gharmáś cit taptáḥ pravṛ́je yá āsīd ayasmáyas tám vādāma víprāḥ ||

Translation

โอ อัคนี ในหมู่ชนรุศมะ เราได้รับฝูงโคและปศุสัตว์อันส่องประกายถึงสี่พัน และแม้ ‘ฆัรมะ’ (Gharma) ที่ถูกเผาร้อน ตั้งอยู่ในที่โล่ง—ทำด้วยเหล็ก—พวกเราฤษีผู้ขับสรรเสริญ (วิปรา) ก็กล่าวถึงมัน เป็นนิมิตแห่งกิจที่สำเร็จแล้ว

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Word by Word

• चतुःसहस्रम्: four thousand
• चतुःसहस्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun (numeral compound)
• Root: चतुर् + सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• गव्यस्य: of cattle / bovine
• गव्यस्य: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Adjective (genitival)
• Root: गव्य (प्रातिपदिक; गो-सम्बन्धि)

• पश्वः: of the livestock/animals
• पश्वः: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशु (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रति: towards, in return
• प्रति: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/preposition)
• Root: प्रति

• अग्रभीष्म: we seized / we took
• अग्रभीष्म: Kartā (implicit ‘we’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह् (धातु) with preverb आ- (आ + ग्रह्)

• रुशम्: Rúśa (a person/foe)
• रुशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun (proper/epithet)
• Root: रुश (प्रातिपदिक)

• एषु: among these / in these
• एषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: Sambोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• घर्मः: the hot drink / heated offering (gharma)
• घर्मः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: घर्म (प्रातिपदिक)

• चित्: indeed, even
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (particle)
• Root: चित्

• तप्तः: heated, made hot
• तप्तः: Kartā (agreeing with घर्मः)
• Type: Participle (past passive)
• Root: तप् (धातु) → तप्त (कृदन्त)

• प्रवृजे: in the enclosure/pen (pravṛj)
• प्रवृजे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रवृज्/वृज् (प्रातिपदिक/स्थाननाम; ‘enclosure, pen’)

• यः: who/which
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• आसीदत्: sat down / settled
• आसीदत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: सद् (धातु) with preverb आ- (आ + सद्)

• अयसमयः: made of iron
• अयसमयः: Viśeṣaṇa (of यः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अयस (प्रातिपदिक) + मय (तद्धित ‘made of’)

• तम्: him/that
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• वदाम: we speak / we proclaim
• वदाम: Kartā (implicit ‘we’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वद् (धातु)

• विप्राः: inspired seers / priests
• विप्राः: Kartā (apposition to ‘we’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)