Rig Veda 5.30.13 — Mandala 5, Sukta 30, Mantra 13
Sukta 5.30
Rishi: Atri Bhauma (Ātreya)
Devata: Agni (with Indra/Soma nexus)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm via metrical audit)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सुपेशसं माव सृजन्त्यस्तं गवां सहस्रै रुशमासो अग्ने । तीव्रा इन्द्रमममन्दुः सुतासोऽक्तोर्व्युष्टौ परितक्म्यायाः ॥
Transliteration
supéśasaṃ mā́v sṛjánty ástaṃ gávāṃ sahásrai ruśámāso agne | tīvrā́ índram amamanduḥ sutā́so ’któ̄r vyùṣṭau páritakmyāyāḥ ||
Translation
โอ อัคนี ชาวรุศมะไม่ปล่อยให้ข้ากลับเรือนอย่างว่างเปล่า ไร้ความงาม—เขาส่ง (ข้า) ด้วยแสงสว่างนับพัน. พลังโสมะที่คั้นอย่างแรงกล้าได้ทำให้อินทระยินดีอย่างยิ่ง ณ รุ่งอรุณของราตรีที่เวียนวนและวิ่งวนไปมา.
Word by Word
सु-पेशसम्well-adorned, beautiful
सु-पेशसम्:
कर्म (गौण-विशेषणम्) / विधेय-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + पेशस् (प्रातिपदिक) < √पिश्/पेश् (to adorn, form) (etym.)
माnot
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) अव्यय
अवdown, away
अव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) अव्यय
सृजन्तिthey let go, release
सृजन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√सृज् (सृजति)
अस्तम्to the west; to setting (of the sun)
अस्तम्:
अधिकारण/दिशा-निर्देश (गत्यर्थ-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable (directional accusative) / Noun-use
Rootअस्त (प्रातिपदिक) अव्ययभावे/द्वितीया
गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
सहस्रैःwith thousands
सहस्रैः:
करण (instrumental: ‘with thousands’)
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
रुशमासःthe bright ones (R̥śamā-s)
रुशमासः:
कर्तृ (of सृजन्ति)
TypeNoun/Adjective (substantivized)
Rootरुशमा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bright/white one’)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
तीव्राःstrong, sharp
तीव्राः:
कर्तृ (of अममन्दुः)
TypeAdjective
Rootतीव्र (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
कर्म (of अममन्दुः)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अममन्दुःthey exhilarated, gladdened
अममन्दुः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√मन्द् (to gladden, exhilarate) with reduplication (aorist/perfect-like Vedic form)
सुतासःthe pressed (Soma-drops)
सुतासः:
कर्तृ (of अममन्दुः)
TypeNoun/Adjective (substantivized)
Rootसुत (PPP from √सु ‘to press (Soma)’) as prātipadika
अक्तोःof the night
अक्तोः:
सम्बन्ध (with व्युष्टौ)
TypeNoun
Rootअक्ति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘night’) / or अक्तु (Vedic) ‘night’
व्युष्टौat daybreak
व्युष्टौ:
अधिकारण (locative: ‘at dawn’)
TypeNoun
Rootव्युष्टि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘dawn, daybreak’) < √वस्/√उष् (to shine, dawn) (etym.)
परिaround, about
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
तक्म्यायाःof the roaming one (night)
तक्म्यायाः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive with अक्तोः/व्युष्टौ)
TypeNoun/Adjective (f.)
Rootतक्म्या (प्रातिपदिक; ‘running/roaming’, esp. of night; Vedic) < √तकम्/√तक् (to run/creep) (etym.)
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