Rig Veda 10.23.3 — Mandala 10, Sukta 23, Mantra 3
Sukta 10.23
Rishi: Vimada (Vaimada) (traditional attribution for RV 10.23)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (likely; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यदा वज्रं हिरण्यमिदथा रथं हरी यमस्य वहतो वि सूरिभिः । आ तिष्ठति मघवा सनश्रुत इन्द्रो वाजस्य दीर्घश्रवसस्पतिः ॥
Transliteration
yadā́ vájraṃ híraṇyam íd áthā ráthaṃ hárī yám asya váhato ví sūríbhíḥ | ā́ tíṣṭhati maghávā sánāśruta índro vā́jasya dīrgháśravasaḥ pátiḥ ||
Translation
เมื่อวัชระ (vajra) อันเป็นทองคำ และต่อมารถศึกซึ่งพลังม้าสีทองอ่อนทั้งสอง (harī) แบกพา ถูกตระเตรียมท่ามกลางเหล่าฤษีผู้สว่างไสว (sūri) แล้ว—อินทระผู้เอื้อเฟื้อ ผู้เลื่องชื่อมาแต่กาลก่อน ย่อมขึ้นประทับนั่ง: พระองค์คือเจ้าแห่งวาชะ (vāja) นายแห่งเกียรติคุณอันก้องไกล (dīrghaśravas).
Word by Word
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय) < यद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + दा (कालवाचक)
वज्रम्the thunderbolt
वज्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवज्र (प्रातिपदिक)
हिरण्यम्golden
हिरण्यम्:
Karma (वज्रम्-विशेषणत्वेन)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootहिरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
इत्थाthus, in this way
इत्था:
Adhikaraṇa (प्रकाराधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्था (अव्यय)
रथम्the chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
हरीthe two bay steeds
हरी:
Kartā (वहतोः कर्तारौ)
TypeNoun (dual) / Adjective used as noun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
यम्which (him/that)
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्यof him (of this one = Indra)
अस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्/अदस्-प्रकारः (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अस्य
वहतःthey two carry/drive
वहतः:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवह् (धातु)
विapart, forth (intensifier)
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सूरिभिःwith the patrons (generous lords)/sages
सूरिभिः:
Karaṇa (सह/साधनभावे: ‘with the patrons/sages’)
TypeNoun
Rootसूरि (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards, hither
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
तिष्ठतिhe stands/halts, takes his place
तिष्ठति:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु) → तिष्ठति
मघवाthe bountiful one (Indra)
मघवा:
Kartā (तिष्ठति इति कर्ता)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootमघवन् (प्रातिपदिक)
सनश्रुतःof ancient renown / long-famed
सनश्रुतः:
Kartā (विशेषणत्वेन)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootसन-श्रुत (प्रातिपदिक; कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीहि: ‘whose fame is old/anciently heard’)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā (तिष्ठति इति कर्ता; पुनरुक्त-उपपत्ति)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
वाजस्यof the prize, of strength
वाजस्य:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध: ‘of prize/strength’)
TypeNoun
Rootवाज (प्रातिपदिक)
दीर्घश्रवसःof long fame
दीर्घश्रवसः:
Sambandha (षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootदीर्घ-श्रवस् (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय: ‘long-famed/long-hearing’)
पतिःlord, master
पतिः:
Kartā/Predicative nominative (इन्द्रः … पतिः)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
Ask anything about this verse
A free Google sign-in keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with audio, word-by-word meanings, and more.