Rig Veda 1.90.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 90, Mantra 5

Sukta 1.90

Devata: Pūṣan and Viṣṇu (guidance + wide-pervading stride)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उत नो धियो गोअग्राः पूषन्विष्णवेवयावः । कर्ता नः स्वस्तिमतः ॥

Transliteration

utá no dhíyo gó-agrāḥ pū́ṣan víṣṇo évayāvaḥ | kártā naḥ svastí-mataḥ ||

Translation

และขอความคิดของเรา ซึ่งมีรัศมีแห่งแสงเป็นผู้นำ จงดำเนินไปโดยชอบ—โอ้ปูษัน โอ้วิษณุผู้ก้าวไปไพศาล—ขอท่านจงเป็นผู้ก่อเกิดภาวะอันเปี่ยมด้วยความสวัสดีแก่เรา.

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Word by Word

• उत: and, also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (avyaya)

• नः: of us, our
• नः: सम्बन्ध (genitival relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• धियः: thoughts, insights, prayers
• धियः: कर्तृ (of the verbal idea ‘to go/come toward’ implied with वयावः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धी (प्रातिपदिक: धी-)

• गो-अग्राः: having cows at the front; cow-leading (i.e., bringing cattle/wealth first)
• गो-अग्राः: कर्तृ (as qualifier of धियः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गो + अग्र (समास: बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-प्रायः; प्रातिपदिक: गोअग्र-)

• पूषन्: O Pūṣan
• पूषन्: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (deity name)
• Root: पूषन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• विष्णवे: for/to Viṣṇu
• विष्णवे: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun (deity name)
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)

• वयावः: may we go/approach
• वयावः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (to go) + वि- (preverb); form: वयावः (Vedic injunctive/imperative-like 1pl middle)

• कर्ता: maker, doer, bestower
• कर्ता: कर्तृ (predicate nominative: ‘(he) is the maker’)
• Type: Noun (agent noun)
• Root: √कृ (to do, make) + तृच् (agentive suffix) → कर्तृ/कर्ता

• नः: of us, our
• नः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• स्वस्ति-मतः: of welfare; beneficial, bringing well-being
• स्वस्ति-मतः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वस्ति (indecl. noun) + मतुप् → स्वस्तिमत् (possessive adj.)