Rig Veda 1.36.12: Mandala 1, Sukta 36, Mantra 12

Sukta 1.36

Rishi: Medhyātithi Kaṇva (Kaṇva tradition)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Jagatī (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

रायस्पूर्धि स्वधावोऽस्ति हि तेऽग्ने देवेष्वाप्यम् । त्वं वाजस्य श्रुत्यस्य राजसि स नो मृळ महाँ असि ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.36.12

Transliteration

rāyáspūrdhi svadhā́vo 'sti hí te 'gne devéṣv ā́pyam | tváṃ vā́jasya śrútyasya rājasi sá no mṛḷa mahā́ṃ asi ||

Translation

โอ อัคนี (Agni) ผู้มีกำลังด้วยตนเอง จงเติมเราให้เต็มด้วยความอุดมแห่งทรัพย์ (rāyas); เพราะในหมู่เทพทั้งหลาย แท้จริงท่านมีทางเข้าถึงอันใกล้ชิด. ท่านทรงครอบครองวาชะ (vāja) อันพึงได้ยินและยืนยัน; เพราะฉะนั้นขอทรงเมตตาเรา—ท่านคือผู้ยิ่งใหญ่.

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Word by Word

• रायस्: of wealth, of riches
• रायस्: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation) / विशेषण-सम्बन्धः
• Type: Noun
• Root: राय् (प्रातिपदिक: राय- ‘धन/समृद्धि’)

• पूर्धि: fill, bestow (grant)
• पूर्धि: क्रिया (आज्ञा); कर्म अपेक्षितम् (याच्यमानं दानम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पॄ (पॄ/पॢ) ‘पूरयति’

• स्वधावः: O you endowed with svadhā (inherent power/ritual potency)
• स्वधावः: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: स्वधा (प्रातिपदिक) + -वस् (वसुँ-प्रत्ययः ‘युक्त/सम्पन्न’) → स्वधावस्

• अस्ति: there is
• अस्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् ‘भवति’

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: सम्बन्ध-प्रकाशक (reason/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• ते: of you, your
• ते: सम्बन्ध (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवेषु: among the gods
• देवेषु: अधिकरण (locus: ‘among/in the gods’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• आप्यम्: a share/portion (proper to you); (lit.) ‘watery/Apya’
• आप्यम्: कर्म/प्रातिपदिक-विशेष्य (that which exists as your ‘share/portion’ among gods)
• Type: Adjective/Noun (neuter)
• Root: आप्य (प्रातिपदिक; from आप् ‘water’ → ‘watery; belonging to/derived from the waters’; in RV also ‘attainable/one’s own share’ depending on context)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• वाजस्य: of the prize, of strength (victory-booty)
• वाजस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of prize/strength’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (प्रातिपदिक)

• श्रुत्यस्य: renowned, famed
• श्रुत्यस्य: सम्बन्ध/विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रुत्य (प्रातिपदिक; from √श्रु ‘hear’ → ‘famed, renowned, to-be-heard-of’)

• राजसि: you rule/shine, you are kingly over
• राजसि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √राज् ‘दीपते/शोभते; राजति’

• सः: he/that (therefore)
• सः: कर्तृ/सम्बन्ध (resumptive: ‘therefore/that one’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• नः: to us, our
• नः: सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (to us/our)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• मृळ: be gracious, show mercy
• मृळ: क्रिया (benediction)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मृड्/√मृळ् (Vedic) ‘दयते/अनुगृह्णाति’

• महान्: great
• महान्: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• असि: you are
• असि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् ‘भवति’