Shloka 47

युद्धे अङ्गद-मैन्द-द्विविद-राक्षसयुद्धम्; कुम्भस्य प्रादुर्भावः तथा सुग्रीवेण पराभवः

Sarga 76: Angada and the Vanara chiefs battle Kampana, Prajaṅgha, Yūpākṣa, Śoṇitākṣa; Kumbha enters and is checked by Sugrīva

Devanagari script

तमापतन्तंविव्याधकुम्भःपञ्चभिरायसैः ।त्रिभिश्चान्यैश्शितैर्बाणैर्मातङ्गमिवतोमरैः ।।।।

Transliteration

tam āpatantaṃ vivyādha kumbhaḥ pañcabhir āyasaiḥ |

tribhiś cānyaiḥ śitair bāṇair mātaṅgam iva tomaraiḥ ||

Translation

เมื่ออังคทะพุ่งเข้ามา กุมภะก็ยิงทะลวงด้วยศรเหล็กห้าดอก และศรคมอีกสามดอก ดุจช้างถูกแทงด้วยหอกซัด

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• आपतन्तम्: coming towards
• आपतन्तम्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa of तम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ + पत् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• विव्याध: pierced
• विव्याध: क्रिया (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + व्यध् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• कुम्भः: Kumbha
• कुम्भः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भ (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पञ्चभिः: with five
• पञ्चभिः: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa of बाणैः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्चन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• आयसैः: iron/steel
• आयसैः: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa of बाणैः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आयस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; द्रव्यवाचक-विशेषण

• त्रिभिः: with three
• त्रिभिः: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa of बाणैः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्धसूचक (Conjunctive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अन्यैः: other
• अन्यैः: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa of बाणैः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• शितैः: sharp
• शितैः: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa of बाणैः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शित (प्रातिपदिक; शि/शै धातु से क्त, ‘sharp’)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• बाणैः: arrows
• बाणैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument of विव्याध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• मातङ्गम्: an elephant
• मातङ्गम्: उपमेय (Upameya; implied comparison target)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• इव: like
• इव: उपमा-सम्बन्धसूचक (Simile marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमार्थक-अव्यय (comparative particle)

• तोमरैः: with lances
• तोमरैः: करण (Karaṇa in simile; instrument of implied action)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तोमर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

Context

Kumbha seeing Angada advancing towards him, with five steel arrows and three shafts pierced him just as an elephant is pierced with lances.

Characters & Entities

• Aṅgada
• Kumbha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse reflects the uncompromising reality of battle: Dharma-war demands readiness to face harm while pursuing the just cause.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbha counters Aṅgada’s charge by shooting multiple iron/steel arrows, likened to lances used against an elephant.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Determination under attack—Aṅgada advances despite the danger; Kumbha shows tactical effectiveness.