Shloka 48

कुम्भकर्णोपदेशः

Kumbhakarna’s Counsel and War-Boast to Ravana

Devanagari script

चिन्तयाबाध्यसेराजन्किमर्थंमयितिष्ठति ।।6.63.48।।सोऽहंशत्रुविनाशाय तव निर्यातुमुद्यतः ।

Transliteration

cintayā bādhyase rājan kimarthaṃ mayi tiṣṭhati |

so 'haṃ śatruvināśāya tava niryātum udyataḥ ||

Translation

ข้าแต่พระราชา ไฉนพระองค์จึงถูกความกังวลครอบงำ ทั้งที่ข้ายังอยู่ ณ ที่นี้? ข้าพร้อมยกออกไปเพื่อทำลายศัตรูของพระองค์ให้สิ้น

Word by Word

• चिन्तया: by worry
• चिन्तया: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: चिन्ता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• बाध्यसे: you are afflicted
• बाध्यसे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: बाध् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुषः (2nd person), एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सम्बोधन-विभक्तिः (Vocative), एकवचनम्

• किमर्थम्: why
• किमर्थम्: प्रश्न (interrogative adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: किम् + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाववत् प्रश्नार्थक-अव्ययम्; तत्पुरुषसमासः (कस्य अर्थः) = 'for what purpose/why'

• मयि: in me / regarding me
• मयि: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (7th/Locative), एकवचनम्

• तिष्ठति: stands/remains
• तिष्ठति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• सः: that (one)
• सः: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: कर्ता (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• शत्रुविनाशाय: for the destruction of the enemy
• शत्रुविनाशाय: सम्प्रदान (purpose/dative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत्रु + विनाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, चतुर्थी-विभक्तिः (4th/Dative), एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषसमासः (शत्रोः विनाशः)

• तव: your
• तव: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• निर्यातुम्: to go forth
• निर्यातुम्: प्रयोजन (complement of उद्यतः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निर् + या (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्तः (Infinitive)

• उद्यतः: ready, prepared
• उद्यतः: कर्ता (as subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद् + यत् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्तः; पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

Context

"O King! while I am here for what reason do you worry and have anxiety? I will go now and decidedly destroy your enemy."

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It touches rāja-dharma indirectly: leaders should act with clarity rather than panic; however, confidence must be grounded in righteousness, not mere might.

What is the narrative situation?

The speaker reassures the king and offers to go out personally to eliminate the threatening opponent.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Readiness to act (kṛtya-udyama) and loyalty to one’s ruler—though the cause served may be unrighteous.