Shloka 15

कुम्भकर्णदर्शनम्

The Appearance of Kumbhakarna and the Account of His Might

Devanagari script

सकुन्भकर्णंकुपितोमहेन्द्रोजघानवज्रेणशितेनवज्री ।सशक्रवज्राभिहतोमहात्माचचालकोपाच्चभृशंननाद ।।6.61.15।।

Transliteration

sa kumbhakarṇaṃ kupito mahendro jaghāna vajreṇa śitena vajrī |

sa śakravajrābhihato mahātmā cacāla kopāc ca bhṛśaṃ nanāda ||6.61.15||

Translation

แล้วมหาอินทราผู้กริ้ว ผู้ทรงวัชระ ได้ฟาดกุมภกรรณด้วยวัชระอันคมกริบ; มหาบุรุษนั้นถูกวัชระของพระศักระแล้วก็โคลงเคลง และด้วยโทสะจึงคำรามกึกก้อง

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• कुम्भकर्णम्: Kumbhakarna
• कुम्भकर्णम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• कुपितः: enraged
• कुपितः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कुप् (धातु) → कुपित (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP) used as adjective

• महेन्द्रः: Mahendra (Indra)
• महेन्द्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• जघान: struck; smote
• जघान: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• वज्रेण: with the thunderbolt
• वज्रेण: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वज्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• शितेन: sharp
• शितेन: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (of वज्रेण)

• वज्री: the thunderbolt-bearer (Indra)
• वज्री: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वज्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• शक्र-वज्र-अभिहतः: struck by Śakra's thunderbolt
• शक्र-वज्र-अभिहतः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शक्र (प्रातिपदिक) + वज्र (प्रातिपदिक) + अभि-हन् (धातु) → अभिहत (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP)

• महात्मा: the great one
• महात्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• चचाल: reeled; staggered
• चचाल: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चल् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• कोपात्: from anger
• कोपात्: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative/5th), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (and)

• भृशम्: violently; greatly
• भृशम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भृशम् (अव्यय)
• Form: रीतिवाचक अव्यय (adverb: 'greatly')

• ननाद: roared
• ननाद: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नद् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

Context

"People were already afraid of Kumbhakarna, and after hearing the lion roar of this Rakshasa they were even more scared."

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Mahendra (Indra)
• Vajra (Indra’s thunderbolt)
• Śakra (Indra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Protective force may be used to stop harm, but anger can escalate violence; Dharma values protection guided by restraint, not rage.

What is the narrative situation?

Indra attacks Kumbhakarṇa with the vajra; Kumbhakarṇa staggers and responds with an enraged roar.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Indra’s role as protector is foregrounded (rakṣaṇa-dharma), while the verse also warns about krodha (anger) as a destabilizing impulse.