Valmiki Ramayana 6.49.18 — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 49, Shloka 18

शरबन्धनविलापः

The Lament under the Net of Arrows

Devanagari script

इष्टबन्धुजनोनित्यंमांचनित्यमनुव्रतः ।इमामद्यगतोऽवस्थांममानार्यस्यदुर्नयैः ।।6.49.18।।

Transliteration

iṣṭabandhujano nityaṃ māṃ ca nityam anuvrataḥ |

imām adya gato 'vasthāṃ mamānāryasya durnayaiḥ || 6.49.18 ||

Translation

ท่านผู้เป็นที่รักของญาติวงศ์เสมอ และผู้ติดตามข้าด้วยความภักดีมั่นคงเสมอ—วันนี้กลับตกอยู่ในสภาพนี้ เพราะทางอันผิดและความประพฤติอันเลวของข้า ผู้ต่ำทราม

Word by Word

• इष्टबन्धुजनः: dear kinsman/relative
• इष्टबन्धुजनः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इष्ट-बन्धु-जन (प्रातिपदिक; इष्ट + बन्धु + जन)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः: 'इष्टाः बन्धवः जनाश्च' (dear kinsmen/people)

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: काल (Temporal/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverbial accusative)

• माम्: me
• माम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: काल (Temporal/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय

• अनुव्रतः: devoted follower
• अनुव्रतः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनु-व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण इष्टबन्धुजनः; 'following in vow/obedient'

• इमाम्: this
• इमाम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण अवस्थाम्

• अद्य: today/now
• अद्य: काल (Temporal/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय

• गतः: has reached
• गतः: क्रिया (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय (has reached)

• अवस्थाम्: state, condition
• अवस्थाम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस्था (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• मम: of me
• मम: सम्बन्ध (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अनार्यस्य: of the ignoble (me)
• अनार्यस्य: सम्बन्ध/विशेषण (Genitive qualifier/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण मम

• दुर्नयैः: by evil ways
• दुर्नयैः: हेतु (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्नय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; करण/हेतु (by evil conduct)

Context

"He who was liked by relatives, was following ignoble me ever devoutly has reached this state."

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is the honest recognition of causality and responsibility: Rāma interprets Lakṣmaṇa’s suffering as the outcome of his own flawed course, underscoring satya as self-incrimination rather than self-defense.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma reflects on Lakṣmaṇa’s beloved status and constant devotion, and blames himself for Lakṣmaṇa’s present fallen condition.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Lakṣmaṇa’s steadfastness (anuvratatā): unwavering adherence to Rāma’s path, even at great personal cost.