Valmiki Ramayana 6.49.19 — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 49, Shloka 19

शरबन्धनविलापः

The Lament under the Net of Arrows

Devanagari script

सुरुष्टेनापिवीरेणलक्ष्मणेननसंस्मरे ।परुषंविप्रियंवापिश्रावितंनकदाचन ।।6.49.19।।

Transliteration

suruṣṭenāpi vīreṇa lakṣmaṇena na saṃsmare |

paruṣaṃ vipriyaṃ vāpi śrāvitaṃ na kadācana ||6.49.19||

Translation

แม้ยามโกรธจัด ข้าก็มิได้ระลึกเลยว่า พระลักษมณ์ผู้กล้าหาญเคยกล่าวถ้อยคำหยาบกระด้างหรือชวนชัง—ไม่เคยสักครั้ง

Word by Word

• सुरुष्टेन: even when displeased
• सुरुष्टेन: करण/कर्ता-सम्बन्ध (Instrumental descriptor/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुरुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण वीरेण/लक्ष्मणेन

• अपि: even
• अपि: अवधारण (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अप्यर्थक अव्यय (even)

• वीरेण: by the hero
• वीरेण: कर्ता (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेष्य (head noun) लक्ष्मणेन

• लक्ष्मणेन: by Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणेन: कर्ता (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; कर्तृकरण (agent)

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध

• संस्मरे: I remember
• संस्मरे: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-स्मृ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; 'I remember'

• परुषम्: harsh (words)
• परुषम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (used substantively), द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण/वस्तु (harsh thing/word)

• विप्रियम्: unpleasant (words)
• विप्रियम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (used substantively), द्वितीया, एकवचन; परुषम् इति समुच्चितम्

• वा: or
• वा: विकल्प (Alternative/विकल्प)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक अव्यय (or)

• अपि: even
• अपि: अवधारण (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अवधारण (also/even)

• श्रावितम्: spoken (to me)
• श्रावितम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: णिच् + क्त (causative past participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'made to hear/uttered to (me)'

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध

• कदाचन: ever
• कदाचन: काल (Temporal/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कदाचन (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक नित्यनिषेधार्थक अव्यय (ever/at any time)

Context

"He who, in one go released five hundred arrows (with two hand s) is therefore superior to Kartaveerya (with thousand hands) releasing the same arrows."

Characters & Entities

• Lakshmana

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is expressed as restraint in speech (vāg-saṃyama): even under provocation, one should not speak cruel or harmful words.

What is the narrative situation?

In the aftermath of the brothers being struck down, allies reflect on Lakṣmaṇa’s character, highlighting his disciplined conduct even in anger.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Self-control and courteous speech (maryādā) even when provoked.