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Shloka 20

द्वन्द्वयुद्धप्रवृत्तिः

Dvandva-Yuddha: The Onset of Single Combats

सम्पातिस्तुत्रिभिर्भाणैःप्रजङ्घेनसमाहतः ।निजघानश्वकर्णेनप्रजङ्घंरणमूर्धनि ।।6.43.20।।

sampātis tu tribhir bhāṇaiḥ prajaṅghena samāhataḥ |

nijaghāna aśvakarṇena prajaṅghaṃ raṇamūrdhani ||

สัมปาติถูกประจังคะยิงด้วยศรสามดอกจนบาดเจ็บ แต่สัมปาติได้ใช้ต้นอัศวกรรณะฟาดประจังคะให้ล้มลงกลางสมรภูมิอันดุเดือด

सम्पातिःSampati
सम्पातिः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसम्पाति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्ता (in 2nd clause)
तुalso/indeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अन्वय-अव्यय (particle: but/also)
त्रिभिःwith three
त्रिभिः:
करण-विशेषण (instrument qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; संख्याविशेषण (numeral adjective)
बाणैःarrows
बाणैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootबाण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; करण
प्रजङ्घेनby Prajangha
प्रजङ्घेन:
कर्ता (Karta/Agent)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजङ्घ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; करण/कर्ता (agent of striking in passive sense)
समाहतःwounded/struck
समाहतः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + आ + हन् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगार्थ (struck)
निजघानslew/struck down
निजघान:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootनि + हन् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; नि-उपसर्ग
अश्वकर्णेनwith Aśvakarṇa (weapon)
अश्वकर्णेन:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; करण (weapon/means; name of weapon)
प्रजङ्घम्Prajangha
प्रजङ्घम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजङ्घ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्म
रणमूर्धनिin the thick of battle
रणमूर्धनि:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootरण + मूर्धन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (मूर्धन्), सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (रणस्य मूर्धनि = at the height/midst of battle)

While Prajangha injured Sampathi with three arrows, in turn Sampathi killed him with Aswakarna tree in the midst of war.

S
Sampāti
P
Prajaṅgha
A
Arrows (bhāṇa)
A
Aśvakarṇa tree

FAQs

The verse illustrates endurance and response under attack; ethically, it also prompts reflection that in war, actions escalate quickly—Dharma demands restraint where possible and accountability for initiating harm.

In a close battle exchange, Prajaṅgha wounds Sampāti with arrows; Sampāti retaliates immediately using a tree as a weapon and kills him.

Toughness and battlefield resourcefulness—using available means (a tree) to overcome an armed opponent.