Shloka 35

सीताया अग्निप्रवेशः

Sita’s Ordeal by Fire / Agni-Pariksha

Devanagari script

ददृशुस्तांत्रयोलोकादेवगन्धर्वदानवाः ।।।।शस्तांपतन्तींनिरयेत्रिविवाद्धेवतामिव ।

Transliteration

dadṛśus tāṃ trayo lokā deva-gandharva-dānavāḥ |

śastāṃ patantīṃ niraye trivivād devatām iva ||

Translation

เหล่าเทพ คันธรรพ์ และทานวะทั่วสามโลกได้ทอดพระเนตรนางเมื่อกำลังร่วงลง พร้อมสรรเสริญนาง—ประหนึ่งเทวีผู้ดูราวกับตกจากสวรรค์ลงสู่นรก

Word by Word

• ददृशुः: saw
• ददृशुः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• ताम्: her
• ताम्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• त्रयः: three
• त्रयः: कर्तृ (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; लोकाः इति विशेष्ये

• लोकाः: worlds
• लोकाः: कर्तृ (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• देवगन्धर्वदानवाः: Devas, Gandharvas, and Danavas
• देवगन्धर्वदानवाः: कर्तृ (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + गन्धर्व + दानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (copulative)

• शस्ताम्: praised/extolled
• शस्ताम्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शंस् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ताम् इति विशेष्ये

• पतन्तीम्: falling
• पतन्तीम्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पत् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ताम् इति विशेष्ये

• निरये: in hell
• निरये: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निरय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• त्रिदिवात्: from heaven
• त्रिदिवात्: अपादान (Apādāna/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि + दिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (as place-name usage) / पुंलिङ्ग (div), पञ्चमी (ablative/5th), एकवचन; त्रयः दिवः यस्य तत् त्रिदिवम् (heaven)

• देवताम्: a goddess
• देवताम्: उपमान (Upamāna/उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• इव: like
• इव: सम्बन्ध (comparison marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय

Context

While Sita was entering the fire the Rakshasas and the Vanaras made loud noises saying, 'Ha Ha wonderful'.৷৷ ইত্যার্ষেবাল্মীকীযেশ্রীমদ্রামাযণেদিকাব্যেযুদ্ধকাণ্ডেএকোনবিংশত্যুত্তরশততমস্সর্গঃ ৷৷This is the end of one hundred and nineteenth sarga of Yuddha Kanda of the first epic the holy Ramayana composed by sage Valmiki.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Devas
• Gandharvas
• Dānavas
• Tridiva (heaven)
• Niraya (hell)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

True worth is recognized by the wise: even when circumstances appear degrading, dharma honors inner purity and praises it publicly.

What is the narrative situation?

Celestial beings witness Sītā’s fall into the fire and praise her, comparing the scene to a goddess descending from heaven to hell.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Exalted chastity and truthfulness—Sītā is lauded as worthy of divine praise despite the apparent ordeal.