Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 28

सीतासमीपगमनम् / Sītā Brought Near to Rāma

Public Witness and Protocol

व्यसनेषु न कृच्छ्रेषु न युद्धेषुस्वयंवरे ।न क्रतौनोविवाहेवादर्शनंदूष्यतेस्त्रियाः ।।।।

vyasaneṣu na kṛcchreṣu na yuddheṣu svayaṃvare |

na kratau no vivāhe vā darśanaṃ dūṣyate striyāḥ ||

ในยามวิบัติหรือความลำบาก ในสงคราม ในพิธีสวยัมวร ในยัญญะ หรือในพิธีอภิเษกสมรส—การที่สตรีปรากฏให้ผู้คนเห็นนั้นหาใช่ความด่างพร้อยไม่

vyasaneṣuin calamities
vyasaneṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvyasana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṃsaka, Saptamī vibhakti (Locative, 7th), Bahuvacana
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-avyaya
kṛcchreṣuin hardships
kṛcchreṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛcchra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṃsaka, Saptamī, Bahuvacana
nanor
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-avyaya
yuddheṣuin battles
yuddheṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootyuddha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṃsaka, Saptamī, Bahuvacana
svayaṃvarein a self-choice (bridegroom selection)
svayaṃvare:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsvayaṃvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana; avyayībhāva: svayam (by oneself) + vara (choice)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-avyaya
kratauin a sacrifice
kratau:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkratu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī vibhakti, Ekavacana
nonor
no:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-avyaya; variant form before vowel (naḥ/no) meaning ‘nor’
vivāhein marriage
vivāhe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvivāha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormVikalpa-avyaya (disjunctive particle)
darśanamappearance; being seen
darśanam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdarśana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṃsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana
dūṣyateis censured
dūṣyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√dūṣ (धातु)
FormLaṭ lakāra, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana, Ātmanepada; passive sense ‘is censured/tainted’
striyāḥof a woman
striyāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

"The appearance of a woman in public is not condemned in times of difficulty, in straits, in conflicts, in the selection of a husband, or in sacrificial ceremonies or marriage ceremonies."

R
Rāma
W
Women (striyaḥ)
S
Svayaṃvara
K
Kratu (sacrifice)

FAQs

Dharma is contextual: social rules about visibility and modesty are not absolute; necessity, ritual, and public duty can make public appearance appropriate and blameless.

Rāma justifies that a woman’s public appearance in certain circumstances is not improper, countering excessive restriction.

Rāma’s reasoned judgment (viveka) in applying norms with sensitivity to circumstance.