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Shloka 22

रावणवधोत्तरं विभीषणशोकः—क्षत्रधर्मोपदेशः

Vibhishana’s Lament after Ravana’s Fall; Instruction on Kshatriya-Dharma

योऽयंविमर्देष्वविभग्नपूर्वःसुरैस्समस्थेरपिवासवेन ।भवन्तमासाद्यरणेविभग्नोवेलामिवासाद्ययथासमुद्रः ।।।।

yo 'yaṃ vimardeṣv avibhagnapūrvaḥ suraiḥ samastaiḥ api vāsavena |

bhavantam āsādya raṇe vibhagno velām ivāsādya yathā samudraḥ ||

ผู้นี้ไม่เคยถูกหักพ่ายมาก่อนในศึก—แม้เหล่าเทพทั้งปวงพร้อมพระอินทร์ก็ยังทำมิได้—แต่เมื่อมาประจันกับท่านในสนามรบ ก็แตกสลายลง ดุจคลื่นมหาสมุทรที่ซัดถึงฝั่งแล้วแตกกระจาย

यःhe who
यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
अयम्this (man)
अयम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
विमर्देषुin battles, in clashes
विमर्देषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootविमर्द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), बहुवचन
अविभग्नपूर्वःpreviously undefeated
अविभग्नपूर्वः:
Karta (कर्ता) विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-विभग्न-पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक); विभञ्ज्/भञ्ज् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; नञ्/अ-प्रत्यय (negation) + क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle) 'विभग्न' + 'पूर्व' (पूर्वकालवाचक); विशेषणम्
सुरैःby the gods
सुरैः:
Karta (कर्ता) सहकारी/agentive (by the gods)
TypeNoun
Rootसुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन
समस्थैःstanding together, united
समस्थैः:
Karta (कर्ता) विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसमस्थ (प्रातिपदिक); सम् + स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; विशेषणम् (सुरैः)
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha/Emphasis (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (particle)
वासवेनby Indra
वासवेन:
Karta (कर्ता) सहकारी/agentive
TypeNoun
Rootवासव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
भवन्तम्you
भवन्तम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootभवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; आदरार्थक-सर्वनाम
आसाद्यhaving approached, having encountered
आसाद्य:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/absolutive)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + सद् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त/ल्यप्-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive); पूर्वक्रिया (having approached/attacked)
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootरण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
विभग्नःbroken, routed, defeated
विभग्नः:
Karta (कर्ता) विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + भञ्ज् (धातु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle)
वेलाम्the shore, boundary (of the sea)
वेलाम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootवेला (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
इवlike
इव:
Upamana-marker (उपमान-निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमानवाचक-निपात (comparative particle)
आसाद्यhaving reached/approached
आसाद्य:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + सद् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त/ल्यप्-अव्ययकृदन्त; पूर्वक्रिया
यथाjust as
यथा:
Upamana-marker (उपमान/प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमान/प्रकारवाचक (as, just as)
समुद्रःthe ocean
समुद्रः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

"He who has not been defeated in battle by even gods or Indra combined together in a trial of strength has been routed by you like the flow of the ocean divides on reaching the shore."

V
Vibhīṣaṇa
R
Rāma
I
Indra (Vāsava)
D
Devas (surāḥ)

FAQs

Recognition of righteous power: dharma acknowledges true merit and rightful strength, even when it defeats one’s own side.

Vibhīṣaṇa underscores the extraordinary stature of the fallen champion and the exceptional force of Rāma who overcame him.

Truthfulness and fairness in praise—crediting an opponent’s greatness and the victor’s rightful prowess.