Shloka 29

रावणस्य सभाप्रवेशः

Ravana Enters the Royal Assembly and Summons Counsel

Devanagari script

सपूर्वजायावरजश्शशंसनामाथपश्चाश्चरणौववन्दे ।शुकःप्रहस्तश्चतथैवतेभ्योददौयथार्हंपृथगासनानि ।।।।

Transliteration

sa pūrvajāyāvarajaḥ śaśaṁsa nāmātha paścāc caraṇau vavande |

śukaḥ prahastaś ca tathaiva tebhyō dadau yathārhaṁ pṛthag-āsanāni ||

Translation

น้องผู้นั้นกราบทูลนามของตนก่อน แล้วก้มกราบแทบพระบาทของพี่ผู้ใหญ่ ศุกะและประหัสตะก็จัดถวายอาสนะให้เป็นสัดส่วน แยกกันตามสมควรแก่ฐานะ

Word by Word

• सः: he (Vibhīṣaṇa)
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पूर्वजाय: to (his) elder brother
• पूर्वजाय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Dative recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्वज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन; 'to the elder brother'

• अवरजः: the younger brother
• अवरजः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवरज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणवत् (apposition to सः)

• शशंस: declared, announced
• शशंस: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शंस् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• नाम: name
• नाम: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; कर्म (object) of 'śaśaṃsa'

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/particle

• पश्चात्: afterwards
• पश्चात्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पश्चात् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)

• चरणौ: (his) two feet
• चरणौ: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), द्विवचन (Dual)

• ववन्दे: paid homage, bowed
• ववन्दे: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वन्द् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• शुकः: Śuka
• शुकः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; व्यक्तिनाम

• प्रहस्तः: Prahastha
• प्रहस्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रहस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; व्यक्तिनाम

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (in the same way)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण/particle

• तेभ्यः: to them
• तेभ्यः: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी/चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Ablative/Dative), बहुवचन; here चतुर्थी (dative) 'to them'

• ददौ: gave
• ददौ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• यथार्हम्: as appropriate
• यथार्हम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा-अर्ह (अव्यय; यथा + अर्ह)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; क्रियाविशेषण (according to what is proper)

• पृथक्: separately
• पृथक्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृथक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (separately)

• आसनानि: seats
• आसनानि: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आसन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन; कर्म (object) of 'dadau'

Context

Ravana, having reached, ascended the magnificent chariot that was overlaid with golden latticework, decked with gems and corals, and yoked to trained horses.

Characters & Entities

• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Rāvaṇa
• Śuka
• Prahasta

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as maryādā is explicit: respectful self-introduction, reverence to elders, and appropriate hospitality/seating according to rank—social order expressed through courteous truthfulness and restraint.

What is the narrative situation?

Vibhīṣaṇa formally approaches Rāvaṇa in the assembly, offers obeisance, and is seated with proper protocol by Śuka and Prahasta.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Humility and respect (vinaya) toward elders and established authority, even amid political tension.