Shloka 18

रावणक्रोधः—रामस्य परुषवाक्यम्

Ravana’s Fury and Rama’s Harsh Admonition

Devanagari script

यदिमत्सन्निधौसीताधर्षितास्यात्त्वयाबलात् ।भ्रातरंतुखरंपश्येस्तदामत्सायकैर्हतः ।।।।

Transliteration

yadi matsannidhau sītā dharṣitā syāt tvayā balāt |

bhrātaraṃ tu kharaṃ paśyes tadā matsāyakair hataḥ ||

Translation

หากในที่ประจักษ์ต่อหน้าข้า เจ้ากล้าล่วงเกินนางสีดาด้วยกำลังไซร้ เมื่อนั้นเจ้าคงถูกศรของข้าปลงชีพ และไปพบพี่ชายของเจ้า คือคระ (ขระ) แล้ว

Word by Word

• यदि: if
• यदि: Condition marker (शर्त)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तसूचक (conditional particle)

• मत्सन्निधौ: in my presence
• मत्सन्निधौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mad + sannidhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: मम सन्निधिः

• सीता: Sita
• सीता: Karta (कर्ता; subject of स्यात्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• धर्षिता: violated / assaulted
• धर्षिता: Karma (कर्म/patient in passive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dhṛṣ (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• स्यात्: would be
• स्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Kartr (कर्ता; agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, एकवचन, सर्वनाम

• बलात्: by force
• बलात्: Hetu (हेतु/cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; कारण/हेतु (by force)

• भ्रातरम्: brother
• भ्रातरम्: Karma (कर्म/object of पश्येः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तु: but
• तु: Discourse particle (तु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेष (adversative/emphatic particle)

• खरम्: Khara
• खरम्: Karma (कर्म; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: khara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; भ्रातरम् इत्यस्य विशेषण/अप्पोजिशन

• पश्येः: you would have seen
• पश्येः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kāla (काल/time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (then)

• मत्सायकैः: by my arrows
• मत्सायकैः: Karana (करण/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mad + sāyaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: मम सायकाः

• हतः: killed
• हतः: Kriya (क्रिया; predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: han (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (खरः)

Context

"If Sita had been seen by me forcibly taken by you in my presence, then you would have been killed by my arrows and seen your brother Khara."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sītā
• Rāvaṇa
• Khara

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It asserts kṣātra-dharma: the duty to punish grave adharma (violence against an innocent) decisively, framing justice as protection of the vulnerable and restoration of moral order.

What is the narrative situation?

On the battlefield, Rāma confronts Rāvaṇa and declares that any direct attempt to violate Sītā in his presence would have brought immediate death by his arrows.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s unwavering commitment to protection and righteous retribution—steadfastness in upholding justice without hesitation.