Shloka 8

ऐन्द्ररथप्रदानम्

Indra’s Chariot Offered to Rāma; The Duel Intensifies

Devanagari script

इत्युक्तोदेवराजेनमातलिर्देवसारथिः ।।।।प्रणम्यशिरसादेवंततोवचनमब्रवीत् ।

Transliteration

ity ukto deva-rājena mātalir deva-sārathiḥ |

praṇamya śirasā devaṃ tato vacanam abravīt ||

Translation

เมื่อเทวราช (พระอินทร์) ตรัสดังนี้ มาตลีสารถีทิพย์ก็น้อมเศียรกราบเทวะด้วยความเคารพ แล้วจึงทูลตอบถ้อยคำ

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Vakyartha-marker (वाक्यार्थ-चिह्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; quotative particle

• uktaḥ: having been addressed/told
• uktaḥ: Karta-visheshana (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• devarājena: by the king of gods
• devarājena: Kartr-karana (कर्ता-करण/कर्तृ-हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva-rāja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); समास: तत्पुरुष (देवानां राजा)

• mātaliḥ: Matali
• mātaliḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātali (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• devasārathiḥ: charioteer of the gods
• devasārathiḥ: Apposition to Karta (कर्ता-समनाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva-sārathi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); समास: तत्पुरुष (देवानां सारथिः)

• praṇamya: having bowed
• praṇamya: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√nam (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), having bowed

• śirasā: with (his) head
• śirasā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śiras (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• devam: the god (Indra)
• devam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रमसूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb (अनन्तर)

• vacanam: words
• vacanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• abravīt: said
• abravīt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √brū (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada

Context

Rama standing on the earth and Ravana seated on the chariot and waging war is not fair, declared Devas, Gandharvas and Kinneras.

Characters & Entities

• Indra (Devarāja)
• Mātali

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in governance and service: rightful commands are met with humility and readiness, showing disciplined obedience in a just cause.

What is the narrative situation?

Mātali receives Indra’s order and responds respectfully before carrying it out.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reverence and dutifulness—Mātali models ideal service (sevā) performed with respect.