Shloka 37

ऐन्द्ररथप्रदानम्

Indra’s Chariot Offered to Rāma; The Duel Intensifies

Devanagari script

दशास्योविंशतिभुजःप्रगृहीतशरासनः ।।।।अदृशास्यःदशग्रीवःमैनाकःपर्वतःइव

Transliteration

daśāsyo viṃśati-bhujaḥ pragṛhīta-śarāsanaḥ |

adṛśyata daśagrīvaḥ mainākaḥ parvato iva ||

Translation

ทศกรีวะผู้มีสิบพักตร์ ยี่สิบกร กุมคันศรไว้มั่น ปรากฏแก่สายตา ดุจภูเขาใหญ่มายนากะ

Word by Word

• कोसलानाम्: of the Kosalas
• कोसलानाम्: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kosala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• नक्षत्रम्: the star/asterism
• नक्षत्रम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nakṣatra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• व्यक्तम्: clearly (visible)
• व्यक्तम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vyakta (प्रातिपदिक; क्त from व्यञ्ज्/व्यक्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्यय; विशेषण (of नक्षत्रम्)

• ऐन्द्राग्निदैवतम्: presided over by Indra and Agni
• ऐन्द्राग्निदैवतम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aindra + āgni + daivata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (having Indra and Agni as presiding deities)

• आक्रम्य: having seized
• आक्रम्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-kram (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund): ‘having seized/overrun’

• अङ्गारकः: Angaraka (Mars)
• अङ्गारकः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aṅgāraka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तस्थौ: stood
• तस्थौ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sthā (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• विशाखाम्: Viśākhā (asterism)
• विशाखाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viśākhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्भावना/समुच्चय-अव्यय (also/even)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• अम्बरे: in the sky
• अम्बरे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ambara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/locative), एकवचन

Context

"Proceed quickly in my chariot to the foremost of the Raghus on the earth, where Sri Rama stands and call him to sit in the chariot as per the words of Devas."

Characters & Entities

• Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa)
• Bow (śarāsana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is clarified by contrast: the epic presents overwhelming power and terror as something dharma must face without yielding.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa re-enters the combat scene in a formidable form, visually dominating the battlefield.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

By implication, Rāma’s steadfastness is tested: dharmic resolve must stand firm even against intimidating might.