Valmiki Ramayana 2.75.51 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 51

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

मायया रमतां नित्यं परुषः पिशुनोऽशुचिः।राज्ञो भीतस्त्वधर्मात्मा यस्यार्योऽनुमते गतः।।।।

Transliteration

māyayā ramatāṃ nityaṃ paruṣaḥ piśuno 'śuciḥ | rājño bhītas tv adharmātmā yasya āryo 'numate gataḥ ||

Translation

ขอให้เขา—ผู้ซึ่งด้วยความยินยอมของเขา พี่น้องผู้ประเสริฐของข้าถูกเนรเทศ—ต้องรับบาปดุจผู้ดำรงชีพด้วยมายาอยู่เนืองนิตย์ วาจาหยาบกร้าน ใส่ร้ายป้ายสี มลทินไม่บริสุทธิ์ ใจอธรรม และหวาดหวั่นต่อพระราชอาญาอยู่ทุกเมื่อ

Word by Word

• मायया: by deceit/illusion
• मायया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; करण (instrumental)

• रमताम्: let him/they revel
• रमताम्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रम् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद (रमताम्)

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• परुषः: harsh/abusive
• परुषः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (adharmātmā)

• पिशुनः: slanderous/treacherous
• पिशुनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पिशुन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• अशुचिः: impure
• अशुचिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अशुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• राज्ञः: of/from the king
• राज्ञः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• भीतः: afraid
• भीतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भी (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधान/विरोधार्थक-निपात (particle)

• अधर्मात्मा: one whose nature is unrighteous
• अधर्मात्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधर्म + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (अधर्मस्य आत्मा/अधर्मे आत्मा); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• आर्यः: the noble one
• आर्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अनुमते: with consent
• अनुमते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुमति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• गतः: has gone/was exiled
• गतः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Context

May the one who counselled the exile of my esteemed brother acquire the sin in the same way as a person, who is abusive, niggardly, impure, unrighteous and always afraid of being caught by the king, and lives by cheating others, acquires!

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rama (ārya)
• King (rājā—contextually Dasharatha/royal authority)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma rejects deceit, malice, and impurity of conduct; a life built on trickery and fear of lawful authority is portrayed as intrinsically self-condemning.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata continues his denunciation, comparing the approver of Rama’s exile to an archetypal wrongdoer who survives by fraud and lives in constant dread of justice.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral clarity: Bharata identifies adharma not only as a single act but as a corrupt disposition—cruelty, slander, and deception.