Valmiki Ramayana 2.46.15 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 46, Shloka 15

तमसातीरवासः

Night on the Bank of the Tamasa and the Stratagem to Elude the Citizens

Devanagari script

सभार्यं सम्प्रसुप्तं तं भ्रातरं वीक्ष्य लक्ष्मणः।कथयामास सूताय रामस्य विविधान् गुणान्।।2.46.15।।

Transliteration

sa-bhāryaṁ samprasuptaṁ taṁ bhrātaraṁ vīkṣya lakṣmaṇaḥ | kathayām āsa sūtāya rāmasya vividhān guṇān ||2.46.15||

Translation

ครั้นพระลักษมณ์ทอดพระเนตรเห็นพระเชษฐาเสด็จบรรทมหลับพร้อมพระชายาแล้ว จึงสนทนากับสารถี เล่าถึงคุณความดีนานาประการของพระราม

Word by Word

• सभार्यम्: with (his) wife
• सभार्यम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + भार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव: ‘with wife’; विशेषण (qualifies भ्रातरम्)

• सम्प्रसुप्तम्: fast asleep
• सम्प्रसुप्तम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + प्र + स्वप् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (Past participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies भ्रातरम्)

• तम्: that
• तम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (points to भ्रातरम्)

• भ्रातरम्: brother
• भ्रातरम्: Karma (कर्म/object of वीक्ष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग

• वीक्ष्य: having seen
• वीक्ष्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + ईक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्यय

• लक्ष्मणः: Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग

• कथयामास: narrated, told
• कथयामास: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथय् (धातु; denominative from कथा)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• सूताय: to the charioteer
• सूताय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: चतुर्थी विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग

• रामस्य: of Rama
• रामस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग

• विविधान्: various
• विविधान्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifies गुणान्)

• गुणान्: virtues
• गुणान्: Karma (कर्म/object of कथयामास)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग

Context

Having seen that his brother along with his wife had fallen asleep, Lakshmana narrated the many virtues of Rama to Sumantra.

Characters & Entities

• Lakshmana
• Rama
• Sita
• Sumantra

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is upheld through truthful praise of virtue: Lakshmana keeps Rama’s righteous qualities at the center, strengthening moral resolve and right understanding in a crisis.

What is the narrative situation?

While Rama and Sita sleep, Lakshmana remains awake and converses with Sumantra about Rama’s character.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Devotion and vigilance: Lakshmana’s protective wakefulness and reverent focus on Rama’s excellence.