Shloka 12

कबन्धमोक्षः—सुग्रीवमैत्र्युपदेशः

Kabandha’s Release and Counsel to Befriend Sugriva

Devanagari script

ऋश्यमूके गिरिवरे पम्पापर्यन्तशोभिते।निवसत्यात्मवान्वीरश्चतुर्भिस्सह वानरैः।।।।

Transliteration

ṛśyamūke girivare pampāparyantaśobhite | nivasaty ātmavān vīraś caturbhiḥ saha vānaraiḥ ||

Translation

วีรบุรุษผู้ทรงรักษาศักดิ์ศรีนั้นพำนักอยู่ ณ ภูเขาอันประเสริฐชื่อ ฤษยมูก อันงดงามไปจนจรดแดนแห่งสระปัมปา พร้อมด้วยวานรสี่ตน

Word by Word

• वानरेन्द्रः: king of monkeys
• वानरेन्द्रः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (वानराणाम् इन्द्रः)

• महावीर्यः: of great prowess
• महावीर्यः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा + वीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण; कर्मधारय (महद्वीर्यः)

• तेजोवान्: radiant, full of energy
• तेजोवान्: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तेजस् + वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• अमितप्रभः: of limitless splendor
• अमितप्रभः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमित + प्रभा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण; कर्मधारय (अमिता प्रभा यस्य)

• सत्यसन्धः: true to his pledge
• सत्यसन्धः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्य + सन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण; तत्पुरुष (सत्ये सन्धा/प्रतिज्ञा यस्य)

• विनीतः: humble, disciplined
• विनीतः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-नी (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP used adjectivally); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• धृतिमान्: steadfast, patient
• धृतिमान्: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धृति + मत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• मतिमान्: intelligent
• मतिमान्: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मति + मत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• महान्: great
• महान्: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

Context

A hero of great self-respect, he lives with four monkeys on a beautiful mountain Rishyamuka extending up to lake Pampa.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva (implicit referent)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma-driven action includes going to the right place and right person for a righteous purpose; seeking aid through proper channels is part of wise conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

Kabandha specifies Sugrīva’s location—Ṛśyamūka near Lake Pampā—and notes his small retinue.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Self-respect and steadiness in adversity (ātmavat): despite exile, Sugrīva maintains dignity and resolve.