Shloka 13

सुतीक्ष्णाश्रमप्रवेशः

Entry into Sutikshna’s Hermitage

Devanagari script

तमुग्रतपसायुक्तं महर्षिं सत्यवादिनम्।प्रत्युवाचात्मवान्रामो ब्रह्माणमिव काश्यपः।।3.7.13।।

Transliteration

tam ugra-tapasā-yuktaṃ maharṣiṃ satya-vādinam |

pratyuvāca ātmavān rāmo brahmāṇam iva kāśyapaḥ || 3.7.13 ||

Translation

ครั้นแล้วพระราม ผู้สำรวมมั่นคง ตรัสตอบมหาฤๅษีผู้ประกอบตบะอันเข้มและสัตย์วาจานั้น ดุจท่านกัศยปะสนทนากับพระพรหม

Word by Word

• तम्: him / that (sage)
• तम्: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (masculine, accusative singular)

• उग्रतपसा: with severe austerity
• उग्रतपसा: करण (instrument/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उग्र + तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे तृतीया-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (neuter, instrumental singular)

• युक्तम्: endowed/engaged (with)
• युक्तम्: कर्म (object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युज् (धातु) → युक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्तः (क्त-प्रत्ययः, past passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (neuter, accusative singular); विशेषणम् (qualifier)

• महर्षिम्: the great sage
• महर्षिम्: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महर्षि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (masculine, accusative singular)

• सत्यवादिनम्: truth-speaking / truthful
• सत्यवादिनम्: कर्म (object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्यवादिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (masculine, accusative singular); विशेषणम् (qualifier of महर्षिम्)

• प्रत्युवाच: replied / spoke in return
• प्रत्युवाच: क्रिया (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति + वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (perfect); प्रथमपुरुषः एकवचनम् (3rd person singular); परस्मैपदम्

• आत्मवान्: self-possessed
• आत्मवान्: कर्ता (agent, as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आत्मवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (masculine, nominative singular); विशेषणम् (qualifier of रामः)

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: कर्ता (agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (masculine, nominative singular)

• ब्रह्माणम्: Brahmā
• ब्रह्माणम्: उपमान-आश्रय (object in comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (masculine, accusative singular)

• इव: as / like
• इव: सम्बन्ध (comparative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-वाचक-अव्ययम् (indeclinable particle of comparison)

• काश्यपः: Kāśyapa
• काश्यपः: उपमान (standard of comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काश्यप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (masculine, nominative singular)

Context

Self-possessed Rama replied to the truthful ascetic who had performed intense penance. Just as Kasyapa would address Lord Brahma:

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sūtīkṣṇa (maharṣi, implied)
• Kaśyapa
• Brahmā
• satya (truth)
• tapas (austerity)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is expressed as reverence toward truth and spiritual discipline: a truthful ascetic is to be approached with humility, as one would approach a cosmic authority.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration transitions from the sage’s statement to Rāma’s respectful response, emphasizing the dignity of the encounter.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s self-mastery (ātmavat) and respectful conduct toward sages—hallmarks of maryādā (propriety).