Shloka 9

जटायुनिर्वाणसंस्कारः

Jatayu’s Final Testimony and Funeral Rites

Devanagari script

हृता सा राक्षसेन्द्रेण रावणेन विहायसा।मायामास्थाय विपुलां वातदुर्दिनसङ्कुलाम्।।।।

Transliteration

hṛtā sā rākṣasendreṇa rāvaṇena vihāyasā |

māyām āsthāya vipulāṃ vātadurdinasaṅkulām ||

Translation

นางสีดาถูกทศกัณฐ์ ราชาแห่งยักษ์ ฉุดพาไปทางเวหา โดยอาศัยมายาอันใหญ่หลวง ก่อให้เกิดลมกรรโชกแรงและความมืดครึ้มแห่งพายุ

Word by Word

• हृता: was taken away
• हृता: Kriyā (क्रिया/participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; ‘was taken’

• सा: she
• सा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/कर्ता), एकवचन

• राक्षसेन्द्रेण: by the lord of demons
• राक्षसेन्द्रेण: Karta (कर्ता in कर्मणि प्रयोग/agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3/कर्तृ in passive), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘lord of demons’

• रावणेन: by Rāvaṇa
• रावणेन: Karta (कर्ता in passive/agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3/कर्तृ), एकवचन

• विहायसा: through the sky
• विहायसा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विहायस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3/करण), एकवचन; ‘through the sky/in the sky’

• मायाम्: magic/illusion
• मायाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन

• आस्थाय: having assumed
• आस्थाय: Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-स्था (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (gerund), ‘having resorted to/assumed’

• विपुलाम्: vast/great
• विपुलाम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विपुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; adjective to मायाम्

• वातदुर्दिनसङ्कुलाम्: crowded with storm-wind and gloom
• वातदुर्दिनसङ्कुलाम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वात + दुर्दिन + सङ्कुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (समाहार/उपपद): ‘filled with wind and dark storm-clouds’ (qualifying मायाम्)

Context

Thereafter Jatayu, a piteous soul, looked up at Rama who was crying incessantly and said this in a feeble voice:

Characters & Entities

• Jaṭāyu
• Rāma
• Sītā
• Rāvaṇa
• Sky (vihāyasaḥ)
• Māyā (illusion/deceit)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma is marked by māyā (deceit) used to violate another’s rights; dharma responds by naming wrongdoing truthfully so that justice can be pursued.

What is the narrative situation?

Jaṭāyu reports the method of abduction: Rāvaṇa used magical deception and storm-like conditions to seize Sītā and fly away.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Jaṭāyu’s integrity as an eyewitness—speaking clear truth to guide Rāma’s righteous action.