Shloka 2

सीताया रावणनिन्दा — अशोकवनिकाप्रवेशः

Sita’s Rebuke of Ravana; Removal to the Ashoka Grove

Devanagari script

राजा दशरथो नाम धर्मसेतुरिवाचलः।सत्यसन्धः परिज्ञातो यस्य पुत्रस्सराघवः।।।।

Transliteration

rājā daśaratho nāma dharmasetur ivācalaḥ | satyasandhaḥ parijñāto yasya putraḥ sa rāghavaḥ ||

Translation

ท่านคือราฆวะ (พระราม) พระโอรสแห่งพระเจ้าทศรถ ผู้เลื่องลือ มั่นคงดุจคันกั้นธรรมนำพาโลก และทรงสัตย์มั่นคงไม่คลอนแคลน

Word by Word

• rājā: king
• rājā: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• daśarathaḥ: Daśaratha
• daśarathaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to rājā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśaratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; proper noun

• nāma: by name
• nāma: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāma (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (particle) indicating name/indeed

• dharma-setuḥ: a bulwark of righteousness
• dharma-setuḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक) + setu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी): dharmasya setuḥ 'embankment/protector of dharma'

• iva: like
• iva: Upamāna-bodhaka (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Upamā-vācaka avyaya (comparative particle)

• acalaḥ: immovable/steadfast (as a mountain)
• acalaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (predicate nominative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: acala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; adjective used substantively/predicatively

• satya-sandhaḥ: true to his promise
• satya-sandhaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of daśarathaḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: satya (प्रातिपदिक) + sandha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: satye sandhaḥ 'true to his vow/promise'

• parijñātaḥ: well-known
• parijñātaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pari-√jñā (धातु)
• Form: PPP (क्त), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; 'well-known/renowned'

• yasya: whose
• yasya: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃ/Napुंसक, Ṣaṣṭhī-vibhakti (Gen. 6), Ekavacana; relative pronoun

• putraḥ: son
• putraḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (in relative clause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• saḥ: that (he)
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; correlative pronoun

• rāghavaḥ: Rāghava (Rāma)
• rāghavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to putraḥ/saḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; epithet of Rāma

Context

O demon ! this body has (now) no consciousness. You may bind it or bury it. I do not think that this body or even this life need to be protected. But at no cost can I make this an object of censure on earth (must not be branded an unchaste woman).

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāvaṇa
• Daśaratha
• Rāghava (Rāma)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Ideal kingship is defined by dharma-protection and satya (truthfulness). Lineage is invoked to affirm Rāma’s dharmic authority.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā identifies Rāma by his father Daśaratha’s fame and virtues, strengthening her warning to Rāvaṇa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Satya (truth-keeping) and dharma-guardianship as defining virtues of Daśaratha and, by extension, Rāma.