Shloka 22

सीताविलापः रावणनिन्दा च

Sita’s Lament and Condemnation of Ravana

Devanagari script

बद्धस्त्वं कालपाशेन दुर्निवारेण रावण।।3.53.22।।क्वगतो लप्स्यसे शर्म भर्तुर्मम महात्मनः।

Transliteration

baddhas tvaṃ kāla-pāśena durnivāreṇa rāvaṇa ||3.53.22||

kva gato lapsyase śarma bhartur mama mahātmanaḥ |

Translation

โอ้ราวณะ เจ้าถูกผูกมัดด้วยบ่วงแห่งกาล (กาละ) อันมิอาจหลีกพ้น แล้วเจ้าจะไปแห่งใดเพื่อได้ความร่มเย็นพ้นจากมหาตมะผู้เป็นสวามีของเรา

Word by Word

• बद्धः: bound
• बद्धः: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बन्ध् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (Past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate of त्वम्

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कालपाशेन: by the noose of death
• कालपाशेन: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल + पाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी: "कालस्य पाशः"), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• दुर्निवारेण: inevitable/irresistible
• दुर्निवारेण: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुर् + निवार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (उपसर्ग-पूर्वपद), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; qualifies कालपाशेन

• रावण: O Ravana
• रावण: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• क्व: where
• क्व: देशाधिकरण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्व (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative adverb: where)

• गतः: having gone
• गतः: कर्ता
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (Past active participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; "having gone"

• लप्स्यसे: will you obtain
• लप्स्यसे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: लभ् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• शर्म: peace/safety
• शर्म: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• भर्तुः: of (my) husband
• भर्तुः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: भर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• मम: my
• मम: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, एकवचन

• महात्मनः: of the great-souled one
• महात्मनः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (महान् आत्मा यस्य), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; qualifies भर्तुः

Context

O Ravana! you are bound by the inevitable noose of death. Where shall you get away from great Rama, my husband to obtain peace.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāvaṇa
• Rāma
• Kāla (Time/Death)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

No refuge exists for adharma: inevitable consequence (kāla) binds the wrongdoer, and dharmic power (Rāma) becomes unavoidable.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā declares that Rāvaṇa cannot escape the repercussions of abducting her; Rāma’s pursuit and Time’s decree are inescapable.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Marital fidelity and righteous alignment: Sītā invokes her bond with Rāma as a dharmic force that will restore order.