Shloka 11

सीताविलापः रावणनिन्दा च

Sita’s Lament and Condemnation of Ravana

Devanagari script

न हि चक्षुष्पथं प्राप्य तयोः पार्थिवपुत्रयोः।ससैन्योऽपि समर्थस्त्वं मुहूर्तमपि जीवितुम्।।3.53.11।।

Transliteration

na hi cakṣuṣpathaṃ prāpya tayoḥ pārthivaputrayoḥ |

sa-sainyo 'pi samarthas tvaṃ muhūrtam api jīvitum || 3.53.11 ||

Translation

เพราะหากเจ้าเข้ามาอยู่ในสายตาของราชกุมารทั้งสองนั้น ต่อให้มีกองทัพร่วมด้วย เจ้าก็มิอาจมีชีวิตอยู่ได้แม้เพียงชั่วขณะ

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Negation)

• हि: indeed
• हि: सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Particle)

• चक्षुष्पथम्: the range of sight
• चक्षुष्पथम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्षुस्-पथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: चक्षुषः पथः (range/path of sight)

• प्राप्य: having reached
• प्राप्य: पूर्वकाल (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√आप् (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप्/क्त्वा (Absolutive): ‘having reached’

• तयोः: of the two
• तयोः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी (Genitive), द्विवचन (Dual)

• पार्थिवपुत्रयोः: of the two princes
• पार्थिवपुत्रयोः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थिव-पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), द्विवचन; तत्पुरुष: पार्थिवस्य पुत्रौ (two sons of the king)

• ससैन्यः: with (your) army
• ससैन्यः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-सेन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (upapada): सेनया सह (with an army)

• अपि: even
• अपि: सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Particle: even)

• समर्थः: capable
• समर्थः: विधेय (Predicate complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate adjective with ‘त्वम्’

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मुहूर्तम्: for a moment
• मुहूर्तम्: काल (Time extent/काल)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुहूर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative; duration), एकवचन

• अपि: even
• अपि: सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Particle)

• जीवितुम्: to live
• जीवितुम्: प्रयोजन/कर्म (Complement infinitive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जीव् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्यय (Infinitive): ‘to live’

Context

If you come within sight of these two princes, it will not be possible for you to live for a moment even if you are with your entire army.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes the duty to punish grave wrongdoing; Sītā invokes just retribution by righteous protectors (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa).

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā warns Rāvaṇa that confrontation with Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa will be fatal for him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s faith in dharmic justice and in Rāma’s righteous strength.