Shloka 36

सीताहरण

विलापः / The Lament at Jatāyu and the Abduction of Sītā

Devanagari script

समन्तादभिसम्पत्य सिंहव्याघ्रमृगद्विजाः।अन्वधावंस्तदा रोषात्सीतां छायानुगामिनः।।।।

Transliteration

samantād abhisampatya siṃha-vyāghra-mṛga-dvijāḥ |

anvadhāvaṃs tadā roṣāt sītāṃ chāyānugāminaḥ ||

Translation

แล้วสิงโต เสือ กวาง และหมู่นกทั้งหลายก็พากันกรูกันมาจากทุกทิศ ด้วยความเดือดดาลสับสน วิ่งไล่ตามนางสีดา ติดตามไปเพียงเงาของนางเท่านั้น

Word by Word

• समन्तात्: from all sides
• समन्तात्: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देश-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्तात् (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• अभिसम्पत्य: having rushed together
• अभिसम्पत्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + सम् + √पत् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वकाल

• सिंहव्याघ्रमृगद्विजाः: lions, tigers, deer, and birds
• सिंहव्याघ्रमृगद्विजाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिंह + व्याघ्र + मृग + द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (lions, tigers, deer, and birds), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• अन्वधावन्: ran after
• अन्वधावन्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु + √धाव् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• रोषात्: from anger/grief
• रोषात्: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; हेतौ पञ्चमी (ablative of cause)

• सीताम्: Sītā
• सीताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• छायानुगामिनः: following her shadow
• छायानुगामिनः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: छाया + अनुगामिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (chāyām anugacchanti iti), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण to सिंहव्याघ्रमृगद्विजाः

Context

Then the lions, tigers, deer and birds gathered together in anger (also anguish) and ran after Sita's shadow.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• siṃha (lion)
• mṛga (deer)
• dvija (birds)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is portrayed as protective solidarity: even wild creatures are moved to oppose wrongdoing, suggesting that adharma provokes resistance across the moral cosmos.

What is the narrative situation?

As Rāvaṇa speeds away with Sītā, the forest animals and birds rush after her, unable to reach her body and thus chasing her shadow.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s worthiness of protection—her innocence evokes guardianship and righteous anger in others.