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Shloka 34

रावणस्य परिव्राजकवेषेण सीतासमीपगमनम्

Ravana Approaches Sita Disguised as a Mendicant

द्विजातिवेषेण समीक्ष्य मैथिली समागतं पात्रकुसुम्भधारिणम्।अशक्यमुद्वेष्टुमपायदर्शनम् न्यमन्त्रयद्ब्राह्मणवत्तदाङ्गना।।।।

dvijāti-veṣeṇa samīkṣya maithilī samāgataṃ pātra-kusumbha-dhāriṇam |

aśakyam udveṣṭum apāya-darśanam nyamantrayad brāhmaṇavat tadāṅganā ||

นางไมถิลีเห็นเขามาในคราบพราหมณ์ ถือภาชนะและน้ำเต้า จึงมิอาจระแวงภัยที่ซ่อนอยู่ได้ นางผู้เป็นกุลสตรีจึงนิมนต์ต้อนรับเขาดุจพราหมณ์โดยเคารพ

द्विजातिवेषेणby/with the guise of a twice-born (brahmin)
द्विजातिवेषेण:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति + वेष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (द्विजातेः वेषः)
समीक्ष्यhaving looked at/observed
समीक्ष्य:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-ईक्ष् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), उपसर्ग: सम्-; धातु: ईक्ष्
मैथिलीMaithili (Sita)
मैथिली:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमैथिली (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन
समागतम्who had come/arrived
समागतम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-आ-गम् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग द्वितीया एकवचन; अत्र पुंलिङ्ग-द्वितीया एकवचनं (तम्) इति गृहीतम्
पात्रकुसुम्भधारिणम्carrying a bowl and a gourd (begging vessel)
पात्रकुसुम्भधारिणम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootपात्र + कुसुम्भ + धारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (पात्रं कुसुम्भं च धारयति इति)
अशक्यम्impossible
अशक्यम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-शक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; नञ्-समासार्थक निषेध (not possible)
उद्वेष्टुम्to hate/abhor
उद्वेष्टुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-द्विष् (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), उपसर्ग: उद्-; धातु: द्विष्
अपायदर्शनम्of dangerous appearance/intent
अपायदर्शनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootअपाय + दर्शन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (अपायस्य दर्शनम्/अपायदर्शनः)
न्यमन्त्रयत्invited
न्यमन्त्रयत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनि-√मन्त्र् (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: नि-; (न्यादेशः)
ब्राह्मणवत्like a brahmin
ब्राह्मणवत्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक) + वत् (तद्धित)
Formअव्यय (adverb), वत्-प्रत्ययान्त (like/as)
तदाthen
तदा:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय (temporal adverb)
अङ्गनाthe lady
अङ्गना:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्गना (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

Sita, being a lady, was unable to doubt him since he came in the guise of a brahmin, holding a bottle-gourd and a begging bowl. Without knowing his ill-intention she invited him in, mistaking him for a brahmin.

M
Maithilī (Sītā)
R
Rāvaṇa

FAQs

Dharma includes honoring the worthy, yet the verse teaches that discernment (viveka) must accompany outward signs, because adharma can imitate dharmic forms.

Sītā cannot detect Rāvaṇa’s harmful intent because he appears as an ascetic/brāhmaṇa with typical mendicant items.

Sītā’s trusting respect toward brāhmaṇas and ascetics—paired with the tragic vulnerability created by Rāvaṇa’s falsehood.