Shloka 5

मायामृगप्रकरणम्

The Illusory Deer Episode: Ravana and Maricha at Rama’s Hermitage

Devanagari script

प्रहृष्टस्त्वभवत्तेन वचनेन स रावणः।परिष्वज्य सुसंश्लिष्टमिदं वचनमब्रवीत्।।3.42.5।।

Transliteration

prahṛṣṭas tv abhavat tena vacanena sa rāvaṇaḥ | pariṣvajya susaṁśliṣṭam idaṁ vacanam abravīt || 3.42.5 ||

Translation

ครั้นได้ฟังถ้อยคำนั้น ทศกัณฐ์ราวณะก็ยินดีนัก; เขากอดรัดแนบแน่น แล้วกล่าววาจานี้

Word by Word

• prahṛṣṭaḥ: delighted
• prahṛṣṭaḥ: Vidhaya (विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-√hṛṣ (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); predicate to 'rāvaṇaḥ'

• tu: then/but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• abhavat: became; was
• abhavat: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्/Imperfect), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada

• tena: by that
• tena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka/masculine context, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन); with 'vacanena' = 'by that'

• vacanena: by the words
• vacanena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• rāvaṇaḥ: Ravana
• rāvaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• pariṣvajya: having embraced
• pariṣvajya: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-√svaj (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), prior action

• susaṃśliṣṭam: tightly clasped
• susaṃśliṣṭam: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (उपसर्ग) + saṃ-√śliṣ (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); adverbial/qualifying the manner of embrace

• idam: this
• idam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies 'vacanam'

• vacanam: speech; words
• vacanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• abravīt: said
• abravīt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √brū (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्/Aorist), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada

Context

With her bewitching eyes and beautiful face, Sita, went about plucking flowers from karnikara, ashoka and mango trees.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Mārīca

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It shows how adharmic intent celebrates compliance rather than righteousness—joy arises not from truth or justice, but from securing an accomplice for wrongdoing.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa reacts with satisfaction when Mārīca agrees to proceed and prepares to give him instructions.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

A negative trait is highlighted: Rāvaṇa’s manipulative delight in advancing an unrighteous scheme.