Shloka 20

मारीचोपदेश

प्रतिषेधः / Ravana Rejects Maricha’s Counsel and Orders the Golden Deer Deception

Devanagari script

अपक्रान्ते तु काकुत्स्थे दूरं यात्वाप्युदाहर।हा सीते लक्ष्मणेत्येवं रामवाक्यानुरूपकम्।।3.40.20।।

Transliteration

apakrānte tu kākutsthe dūraṃ yātvā api udāhara | hā sīte lakṣmaṇa iti evaṃ rāmavākyānurūpakam || 3.40.20 ||

Translation

ครั้นเมื่อเชื้อสายกากุตสถะถูกล่อลวงให้ห่างไปแล้ว จงไปให้ไกลพอควรแล้วร้องว่า “โอ้ สีตา! โอ้ ลักษมณะ!” เลียนถ้อยคำและน้ำเสียงให้เหมือนพระราม

Word by Word

• apakrānte: when (he) has gone away
• apakrānte: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: apa + kram (धातु)
• Form: Past participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); locative absolute with kākutsthe: 'when (Rama) has gone away'

• tu: then; indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• kākutsthe: when Kakutstha (Rama)
• kākutsthe: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kākutstha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); with apakrānte forms locative absolute

• dūram: far
• dūram: Desha (देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dūra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Adverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषण-प्रयोग)

• yātvā: having gone
• yātvā: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yā (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), 'also/even'

• udāhara: utter; cry out
• udāhara: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ud + ā + hṛ (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• hā: alas!
• hā: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/cry)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hā (अव्यय)
• Form: Exclamation (विस्मयादि-निपात)

• sīte: O Sita!
• sīte: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• lakṣmaṇa: O Lakshmana!
• lakṣmaṇa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle (इति-निपात)

• evam: in this way
• evam: Prakara (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Manner adverb (प्रकारवाचक अव्यय)

• rāmavākyānurūpakam: in accordance with Rama's words/voice
• rāmavākyānurūpakam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rāma + vākya + anurūpaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); compound: rāmavākyasya anurūpakam (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

Context

Divert Rama to a far-off place and cry, 'Alas, Sita!, Alas, Lakshmana', imitating the voice of Rama.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Mārīca
• Rāma (Kākutstha)
• Sītā
• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Impersonation to cause fear and separation is a form of falsehood; dharma is grounded in satya and non-harm, both violated by this tactic.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa instructs Mārīca to lure Rāma away and then imitate Rāma’s cry to force Lakṣmaṇa to leave Sītā alone.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

By contrast, the virtue of protection and duty (rakṣaṇa-dharma) is highlighted—Lakṣmaṇa is manipulated into abandoning his protective role.