Shloka 14

विराधवधः

The Slaying (Burial) of Viradha

Devanagari script

हतोऽस्मि पुरुषव्याघ्र शक्रतुल्यबलेन वै।मया तु पूर्वं त्वं मोहान्न ज्ञातः पुरुषर्षभ।।।।

Transliteration

hato 'smi puruṣavyāghra śakratulyabalena vai |

mayā tu pūrvaṃ tvaṃ mohān na jñātaḥ puruṣarṣabha ||

Translation

ข้าถูกสังหารแล้ว โอ้พยัคฆ์แห่งบุรุษทั้งหลาย—กำลังของท่านแท้จริงดุจศักระ (อินทรา) โอ้ยอดบุรุษ ด้วยความหลงผิด ข้าจึงมิได้รู้จักท่านมาก่อน

Word by Word

• हतः: killed, slain
• हतः: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण; predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √हन् (धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्तान्त; predicate with अस्मि

• अस्मि: I am
• अस्मि: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• पुरुष-व्याघ्र: O tiger among men
• पुरुष-व्याघ्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक) + व्याघ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष

• शक्र-तुल्य-बलेन: with Indra-like strength
• शक्र-तुल्य-बलेन: Karana/Hetu-anvaya (करण/हेतु-विशेषण of agent)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शक्र (प्रातिपदिक) + तुल्य (प्रातिपदिक) + बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; समास-विशेषण: ‘with strength equal to Indra’ (instrumental of quality)

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चयार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)

• मया: by me
• मया: Karta (कर्ता; agent of ज्ञातः in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/स्त्री, तृतीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• तु: but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधानार्थक/विरोधार्थक-निपात

• पूर्वम्: earlier
• पूर्वम्: Kala (काल/Time adjunct)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पूर्व (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karma (कर्म; logical object of ज्ञातः ‘known’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• मोहात्: from delusion
• मोहात्: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध-निपात

• ज्ञातः: recognized
• ज्ञातः: Kriya-samartha (क्रिया-समर्थ; predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √ज्ञा (धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्तान्त; कर्मणि-भाव (passive sense): ‘was known/recognized’

• पुरुष-ऋषभ: O best of men
• पुरुष-ऋषभ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक) + ऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष

Context

You have killed me, O Rama, a tiger among men. You are equal to Indra in prowess. O best of men, out of delusion I could not recognise you earlier.

Characters & Entities

• Virādha
• Rāma
• Indra (Śakra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya begins with self-admission: Virādha confesses his delusion and acknowledges rightful power, implying that ignorance (moha) leads to adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Virādha, overpowered, admits defeat and says he failed to recognize Rāma earlier due to delusion.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s invincible prowess aligned with righteous purpose—strength comparable to Indra’s.