Shloka 5

अष्टत्रिंशः सर्गः — मारीचोपदेशः

Maricha’s Warning and the Memory of Rama’s Power

Devanagari script

इत्येवमुक्तो धर्मात्मा राजा दशरथस्तदा।।3.38.5।।प्रत्युवाच महाभागं विश्वामित्रं महामुनिम्।

Transliteration

ity evam ukto dharmātmā rājā daśarathas tadā | pratyuvāca mahābhāgaṃ viśvāmitraṃ mahāmunim || 3.38.5 ||

Translation

เมื่อถูกกล่าวเช่นนั้น กษัตริย์ทศรถผู้ทรงธรรมจึงตรัสตอบพระมหาฤาษีวิศวามิตรผู้ยิ่งใหญ่

Word by Word

• bālaḥ: a boy/young
• bālaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; राघवः इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्

• dvādaśa-varṣaḥ: twelve years old
• dvādaśa-varṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dvādaśa (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्विगु-समास: 'द्वादश वर्षाणि यस्य' (twelve-year-old); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ayam: this (one)
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन

• akṛtāstraḥ: untrained in weapons
• akṛtāstraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a- (उपसर्ग/निषेध) + kṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + astra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि: 'कृतानि अस्त्राणि यस्य न सन्ति/अस्त्रेषु अकृतः' (untrained in weapons); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• rāghavaḥ: Rāghava (Rāma)
• rāghavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन

• kāmam: indeed/surely
• kāmam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kāmam (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (concessive/emphatic): 'यद्यपि/कामम्' (indeed, even if)

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (adversative/emphatic)

• mama: my
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; षष्ठी, एकवचन

• yat: which
• yat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बन्धबोधक-यत्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; सैन्यम् इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम् (relative)

• sainyam: army
• sainyam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sainya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन

• mayā: with me/by me
• mayā: Sahakāraka (सह/साकं)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: सहार्थक-अव्यय (with)

• gamiṣyati: will go/come
• gamiṣyati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (simple future); प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

Context

When the great, venerable sage Visvamitra said so, the righteous king Dasaratha replied:

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Viśvāmitra
• Mārīca
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes honoring sages and responding responsibly to their requests; royal authority is accountable to spiritual and moral order.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration transitions to Daśaratha’s response after Viśvāmitra’s request for protection.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reverence and duty-consciousness in kingship: Daśaratha is portrayed as dharmātmā, inclined to right action.