Shloka 25

अरण्यकाण्डे एकोनत्रिंशः सर्गः

Sarga 29: Rama’s Admonition to Khara and the Shattering of the Mace

Devanagari script

इत्युक्त्वा परमक्रुद्धस्तां गदां परमाङ्गदः।खरश्चिक्षेप रामाय प्रदीप्तामशनिं यथा।।।।

Transliteration

ity uktvā paramakruddhas tāṃ gadāṃ paramāṅgadaḥ | kharaś cikṣepa rāmāya pradīptām aśaniṃ yathā ||

Translation

ครั้นกล่าวดังนั้นแล้ว ขระผู้เดือดดาลยิ่งนัก ประดับพาหุพันธอันรุ่งเรือง ก็ขว้างคทาอันลุกโพลงนั้นใส่พระรามดุจสายฟ้า

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Vākyārtha-dyotaka (discourse marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle (iti)

• uktvā: having said
• uktvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive (ktvā-anta), pūrvakāla-kriyā ‘having said’

• paramakruddhaḥ: furiously enraged
• paramakruddhaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of kharaḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama + kruddha (प्रातिपदिक; kruddha from √krudh)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nom. 1st), Ekavacana; karmadhāraya ‘extremely enraged’ qualifying kharaḥ/paramāṅgadaḥ

• tām: that
• tām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of gadām
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (Feminine), Dvitīyā (Acc. 2nd), Ekavacana; demonstrative adjective qualifying gadām

• gadām: mace
• gadām: Karma (कर्म) of cikṣepa
• Type: Noun
• Root: gadā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā (Acc. 2nd), Ekavacana

• paramāṅgadaḥ: one with great armlets
• paramāṅgadaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) of cikṣepa (apposition to kharaḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parama + aṅgada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nom. 1st), Ekavacana; bahuvrīhi ‘he whose armlets are great’ (epithet of Khara)

• kharaḥ: Khara
• kharaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) of cikṣepa
• Type: Noun
• Root: khara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nom. 1st), Ekavacana; proper noun

• cikṣepa: hurled
• cikṣepa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṣip (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (Perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana, Parasmaipada

• rāmāya: at Rama, to Rama
• rāmāya: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान) / target
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Caturthī (Dat. 4th), Ekavacana

• pradīptām: blazing
• pradīptām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of gadām
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pradīpta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; pra-√dīp धातु)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā (Acc. 2nd), Ekavacana; kta-participle qualifying gadām

• aśanim: thunderbolt
• aśanim: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aśani (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā (Acc. 2nd), Ekavacana

• yathā: like
• yathā: Upamā-dyotaka (उपमा-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Upamā-avyaya (as/like)

Context

The mace, which moved in the sky burning like the noose of death was shattered to pieces by Rama.

Characters & Entities

• Khara
• Rāma
• gadā (mace)
• aśani (thunderbolt)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Unchecked anger propels violence; dharma values mastery over wrath, especially in conflict.

What is the narrative situation?

After his threats, Khara initiates the attack by throwing his blazing mace at Rāma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s composure under assault is set up; Khara’s rage is portrayed as the driver of his action.