Shloka 9
खररामयुद्धम् — The Battle of Khara and Rama
Aranya Kanda, Sarga 28
Devanagari script
शरजालावृतस्सूर्यो न तदा स्म प्रकाशते।अन्योन्यवधसंरम्भादुभयोस्संप्रयुध्यतोः।।।।
Transliteration
śara-jālāvṛtaḥ sūryo na tadā sma prakāśate |
anyonya-vadha-saṃrambhād ubhayoḥ saṃprayudhyatoḥ ||
Translation
เมื่อดวงอาทิตย์ถูกคลุมด้วยข่ายแห่งศร ก็ไม่อาจส่องแสงในกาลนั้นได้ เพราะทั้งสองกำลังรบพุ่งด้วยความมุ่งหมายจะประหารกันอย่างดุเดือด
Word by Word
tataḥthen, thereafter
tataḥ:
Kāla/Anantara (काल/अनन्तर)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb)
asyaof him (Khara)
asya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
yugamthe yoke
yugam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyuga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
ekenawith one (arrow)
ekena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक; तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
caturbhiḥwith four (arrows)
caturbhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcatur (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक; तृतीया, बहुवचन
caturofour
caturo:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcatur (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (agreeing with hayān)
hayānhorses
hayān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roothaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
ṣaṣṭhenawith the sixth (arrow)
ṣaṣṭhena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootṣaṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्रमवाचक (ordinal); तृतीया, एकवचन
tubut/and
tu:
Sambandha (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (conjunction/particle)
śiraḥhead
śiraḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśiras (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
saṅkhyein battle
saṅkhye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṅkhya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
kharasyaof Khara
kharasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootkhara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
rathasāratheḥof the charioteer
rathasāratheḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootratha + sārathi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: "rathasya sārathiḥ"; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
tribhiḥwith three (arrows)
tribhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Roottri (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक; तृतीया, बहुवचन
triveṇumthe main pole (triveṇu)
triveṇum:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottriveṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
balavānstrong
balavān:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbalavat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (qualifying implied rāghavaḥ)
dvābhyāmwith two (arrows)
dvābhyām:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक; तृतीया, द्विवचन
akṣamaxle
akṣam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
mahābalaḥvery powerful
mahābalaḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā + bala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय: "mahā-bala"; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (qualifying rāghavaḥ)
dvādaśenawith the twelfth (arrow)
dvādaśena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvādaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक; तृतीया, एकवचन
tuand/but
tu:
Sambandha (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle)
bāṇenawith an arrow
bāṇena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
kharasyaof Khara
kharasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootkhara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
saśaramtogether with the arrow
saśaram:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (सह) + śara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसह-प्रयोग: "with the arrow"; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (qualifying dhanuḥ)
dhanuḥbow
dhanuḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdhanus (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
chitvāhaving cut
chitvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootchid (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive): "having cut"
vajranikāśenawith a thunderbolt-like (weapon/arrow)
vajranikāśena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvajra + nikāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष: "vajra-sadṛśa-nikāśa" (diamond/thunderbolt-like); तृतीया, एकवचन (instrumental qualifier of arrow/act)
rāghavaḥRāghava (Rama)
rāghavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
prahasanlaughing
prahasan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Roothas (धातु) with pra- + śatṛ (शतृ)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (agreeing with rāghavaḥ)
ivaas if
iva:
Upamā (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय (particle of comparison)
trayodaśenawith the thirteenth (arrow)
trayodaśena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Roottrayodaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक; तृतीया, एकवचन
indrasamaḥequal to Indra
indrasamaḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootindra + sama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष/उपमान-समास: "indra-sama"; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (qualifying rāghavaḥ)
bibhedapierced, split
bibheda:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhid (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
samarein battle
samare:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsamara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
kharamKhara
kharam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkhara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
Context
The arrows released by Khara and Rama on one another filled the entire sky. Everywhere only arrows and no sky could be seen.
Characters & Entities
S
Sun (Sūrya)K
Khara (context)R
Rama (context)A
arrowsFAQs
Unchecked hatred (death-intent) darkens judgment—symbolized by the sun’s obscuring; Dharma calls for action without being consumed by rage.
The arrow-exchange becomes so intense that the sun is visually hidden behind the ‘net’ of shafts.
The verse cautions against fury; by implication, Rama’s ideal is to fight effectively yet remain governed by purpose rather than blind wrath.