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Shloka 30

खररामयुद्धम् — The Battle of Khara and Rama

Aranya Kanda, Sarga 28

ततोऽस्य युगमेकेन चतुर्भिश्चतुरो हयान्।षष्ठेन तु शिरस्सङ्ख्ये खरस्य रथसारथेः।।3.28.29।।त्रिभिस्त्रिवेणुं बलवान्द्वाभ्यामक्षं महाबलः।द्वादशेन तु बाणेन खरस्य सशरं धनुः।।3.28.30।।छित्वा वज्रनिकाशेन राघवः प्रहसन्निव।त्रयोदशेनेन्द्रसमो बिभेद समरे खरम्।।3.28.31।।

tato 'sya yugam ekena caturbhiś caturō hayān |

ṣaṣṭhena tu śiras saṅkhye kharasya rathasāratheḥ ||

tribhis trivēṇuṃ balavān dvābhyām akṣaṃ mahābalaḥ |

dvādaśena tu bāṇena kharasya saśaraṃ dhanuḥ ||

chitvā vajra-nikāśena rāghavaḥ prahasann iva |

trayodaśenendra-samo bibhēda samare kharam ||

แล้วราฆวะผู้เกรียงไกรดุจพระอินทร์ ทรงยิงศรดอกเดียวทำลายคานแอกแห่งรถของขระ; ด้วยสี่ดอกทรงสังหารม้าทั้งสี่; และด้วยดอกที่หกทรงตัดศีรษะสารถีของขระกลางสมรภูมิ ด้วยสามดอกทรงหักเสารถ ด้วยสองดอกทรงทำลายเพลา และด้วยศรดอกที่สิบสองทรงทำให้คันธนูของขระพร้อมทั้งลูกศรแตกกระจาย ครั้นประหนึ่งทรงแย้มสรวล ด้วยศรดอกที่สิบสามอันแข็งดุจวัชระ ราฆวะผู้เสมอพระอินทร์ก็ทรงแทงทะลุขระในศึก

prabhagnadhanvāwhose bow was broken
prabhagnadhanvā:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra- + bhagna (भञ्ज् धातु से क्त) + dhanvan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि: "prabhagnaṃ dhanur yasya"; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
virathaḥwithout a chariot
virathaḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi + ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय/नञ्-तुल्य: "without chariot"; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
hatāśvaḥwhose horses were slain
hatāśvaḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothata (han धातु से क्त) + aśva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि: "hatāḥ aśvāḥ yasya"; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
hatasārathiḥwhose charioteer was slain
hatasārathiḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothata (han धातु से क्त) + sārathi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि: "hataḥ sārathiḥ yasya"; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
gadāpāṇiḥmace-in-hand
gadāpāṇiḥ:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootgadā + pāṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि: "gadā pāṇau yasya"; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
avaplutyahaving leapt down
avaplutya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootplu (धातु) with ava- (उपसर्ग) + ktvā/lyap (ल्यप्)
Formल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund): "having jumped down"
tasthaustood
tasthau:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsthā (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
bhūmauon the ground
bhūmau:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
kharaḥKhara
kharaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkhara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय

Rama, like Indra, strong and mighty, broke the yoke of Khara's chariot with one arrow, the four horses with four arrows, and with the sixth the charioteer's head, with three others the main pole of the chariot, with two the axle of the chariot, and with the twelfth Khara's bow and arrows were splintered. As if laughing at him, he pierced Khara's body with the thirteenth arrow.

R
Rama (Rāghava)
K
Khara
I
Indra
H
horses
C
charioteer
B
bow
A
arrows

FAQs

Righteous force is portrayed as precise and proportionate: Rama disables the enemy’s war-capability step by step, embodying disciplined kṣatriya-dharma rather than chaotic violence.

Rama methodically dismantles Khara’s chariot-system—yoke, horses, charioteer, pole, axle, bow—then finally wounds Khara with the thirteenth arrow.

Strategic mastery and composure under pressure: Rama’s controlled sequencing of strikes demonstrates superior judgment in combat.