Shloka 40

खरसेनासङ्ग्रामः

The Battle with Khara’s Host at the Hermitage

Devanagari script

युगपत्पतमानैश्च युगपच्च हतैर्भृशम्।युगपत्पतितैश्चैव विकीर्णा वसुधा भवत्।।।।

Transliteration

yugapat patamānaiś ca yugapac ca hatair bhṛśam | yugapat patitaiś caiva vikīrṇā vasudhā bhavat ||

Translation

ในชั่วพริบตาเดียว บ้างล้มลงขณะพุ่งเข้าไป บ้างถูกสังหารอย่างหนัก และบ้างทรุดลงพร้อมกัน แผ่นดินจึงดูราวกับถูกโปรยเกลื่อนทั่วทุกทิศ

Word by Word

• yugapat: simultaneously
• yugapat: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yugapat (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय): 'simultaneously'

• patamānaiḥ: by those falling
• patamānaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pat (धातु) + śānac (शानच्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Present middle participle (वर्तमानकाले आत्मनेपदी शानच्), Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसक), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural (बहुवचन); 'by those falling'

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• yugapat: simultaneously
• yugapat: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yugapat (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• hataiḥ: by the slain
• hataiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √han (धातु) + kta (क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसक), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural (बहुवचन); 'by the slain'

• bhṛśam: exceedingly
• bhṛśam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bhṛśam (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय): 'exceedingly'

• yugapat: simultaneously
• yugapat: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yugapat (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• patitaiḥ: by those fallen
• patitaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √pat (धातु) + kta (क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसक), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural (बहुवचन); 'by those fallen'

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण-अव्यय): 'indeed/just'

• vikīrṇā: scattered
• vikīrṇā: Kriyā (क्रिया/भाव)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-√kṝ (धातु) + kta (क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); predicative with vasudhā

• vasudhā: the earth
• vasudhā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vasudhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• abhavat: became/was
• abhavat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु) + abhi- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Context

The demons, though wounded, could not see whereform the terrible arrows came. They only saw Rama shooting the arrows.

Characters & Entities

• Earth (Vasudhā)
• Rākṣasas (implied battlefield casualties)
• Rama (implied cause)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse underscores the consequence of adharma: when aggression persists, destruction can arrive swiftly and collectively.

What is the narrative situation?

The battle reaches a peak where many rākṣasas are struck down almost simultaneously, covering the ground.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Implied is Rama’s effectiveness in righteous defense—decisive action that ends a threat rapidly.