Shloka 4

खरसेनासङ्ग्रामः

The Battle with Khara’s Host at the Hermitage

Devanagari script

तं तु निष्पतितं दृष्ट्वा सर्वे ते रजनीचराः।नर्दमाना महानादं सचिवाः पर्यवारयन्।।।।

Transliteration

taṃ tu niṣpatitaṃ dṛṣṭvā sarve te rajanīcarāḥ। nardamānā mahānādaṃ sacivāḥ paryavārayan॥

Translation

ครั้นเห็นคระระพุ่งออกไป เหล่ารากษสผู้ท่องราตรีทั้งปวง—บรรดาเสนาบดีของเขา—ก็ล้อมรอบไว้ พลางคำรามกึกก้อง

Word by Word

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), contrast/emphasis

• niṣpatitam: rushing forth
• niṣpatitam: Karma (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niṣ-√pat (धातु)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; past participle (क्त) qualifying tam; 'having rushed out/fallen upon'

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा)

• sarve: all
• sarve: Karta (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; qualifying rajanīcarāḥ

• te: those
• te: Karta (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; demonstrative qualifying rajanīcarāḥ

• rajanīcarāḥ: demons
• rajanīcarāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rajanī (प्रातिपदिक) + cara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; 'night-wanderers'

• nardamānāḥ: roaring
• nardamānāḥ: Karta (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √nard (धातु)
• Form: Present middle participle (शानच्), Masculine, Nominative, Plural; 'roaring' qualifying rajanīcarāḥ

• mahānādam: a great roar
• mahānādam: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण/accusative of manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + nāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; adverbial accusative of manner/sound

• sacivāḥ: ministers
• sacivāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saciva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; in apposition to rajanīcarāḥ

• paryavārayan: surrounded
• paryavārayan: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-ā-√vṛ (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, Plural; Parasmaipada

Context

Seeing Khara attacking (Rama) all the demon ministers surrounded him - roaring.

Characters & Entities

• Khara
• Rakshasas

FAQs

Who is the character being surrounded in this verse?

The character is Khara, the Rakshasa general and brother of Shurpanakha, who is rushing forward to attack Rama.

What aspect of warrior conduct is displayed here?

The verse illustrates the loyalty and organizational discipline of the Rakshasa army, as the ministers immediately surround their leader to support his advance, adhering to their military code.