Shloka 6

उत्पातदर्शनं खरसैन्यसमागमश्च

Omens of calamity and the approach of Khara’s army

Devanagari script

यादृशा इह कूजन्ति पक्षिणः वनचारिणः।अग्रतो नो भयं प्राप्तं संशयो जीवितस्य च।।।।

Transliteration

yādṛśā iha kūjanti pakṣiṇaḥ vanacāriṇaḥ |

agratō no bhayaṃ prāptaṃ saṃśayo jīvitasya ca ||

Translation

เสียงร้องของนกผู้พำนักในพงไพรที่กู่ก้องอยู่ ณ ที่นี้ ทำให้ข้าพเจ้าคาดเห็นภัยเบื้องหน้า แม้ความอยู่รอดของเราก็ชวนให้สงสัย

Word by Word

• yādṛśāḥ: of such a kind / how (strangely)
• yādṛśāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yādṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); correlatives 'of what kind'

• iha: here
• iha: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (देशवाचक-अव्यय): 'here'

• kūjanti: chirp/screech
• kūjanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kūj (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)

• pakṣiṇaḥ: birds
• pakṣiṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pakṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vanacāriṇaḥ: forest-dwelling
• vanacāriṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vana + cārin (प्रातिपदिक-द्वय)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); qualifying pakṣiṇaḥ; सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष: 'moving in the forest'

• agrataḥ: ahead / in the future
• agrataḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: agratas (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (काल/देशवाचक-अव्यय): 'ahead, in front, in the future'

• naḥ: for us
• naḥ: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive/Dative enclitic (षष्ठी/6 or चतुर्थी/4), Plural (बहुवचन); here: dative sense 'for us'

• bhayam: fear
• bhayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); subject of prāptam

• prāptam: has befallen / is foreseen
• prāptam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√āp (धातु) + kta (क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); predicative: 'has come/has befallen'

• saṃśayaḥ: doubt
• saṃśayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃśaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); coordinated subject

• jīvitasya: of life
• jīvitasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jīvita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

Context

The way the forest-birds are screeching makes me foresee danger and makes survival doubtful.

Characters & Entities

• Rama (implied speaker)
• Lakshmana (implied listener)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is prudent vigilance: a righteous protector does not ignore signs of impending harm and prepares to safeguard others.

What is the narrative situation?

In the forest, before a major clash, Rama observes ominous bird-calls and senses danger approaching.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s foresight and protective responsibility—alertness to threats while living by disciplined restraint.