Shloka 16
The Glory of Vārāṇasī
Catalogue of Tīrthas and a Liṅga-Installation Episode
कोकिलाख्यं महातीर्थं तीर्थं चैव महालयम् । हिरण्यगर्भं गोप्रेक्षं तीर्थं चैवमनुत्तमम्
kokilākhyaṃ mahātīrthaṃ tīrthaṃ caiva mahālayam | hiraṇyagarbhaṃ goprekṣaṃ tīrthaṃ caivamanuttamam
(ที่นั่นมี) มหาตีรถะชื่อ โกกิลาขยะ และยังมีสถานศักดิ์สิทธิ์ชื่อ มหาลยะ; อีกทั้ง หิรัณยครรภะ และ โคเปรกษะ—แต่ละแห่งเป็นตีรถะอันหาที่เปรียบมิได้
Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context-dependent within Svargakhaṇḍa dialogues).
Concept: Sacred places encode layers of meaning—nature’s music, remembrance of ancestors, cosmic origin, and compassionate stewardship—guiding the pilgrim from worldly identity to cosmic belonging.
Application: Let your home become ‘Goprekṣa’ through kindness to animals and dependents; practice gratitude to ancestors (Mahālaya) with ethical living; remember cosmic origin (Hiraṇyagarbha) to reduce ego; seek nature’s sattva (Kokilā) through mindful listening.
Primary Rasa: adbhuta
Secondary Rasa: shanta
Type: tirtha
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A tranquil sacred landscape where four tīrthas appear as symbolic stations around a central river: Kokilākhya is a flowering grove with a cuckoo perched on a mango branch; Mahālaya is a quiet ghāṭa with lamps floating for ancestors; Hiraṇyagarbha is a radiant golden lotus rising from a still kund; and Goprekṣa is a pastoral meadow where cows drink at the ford while a pilgrim offers grass and water. The whole scene feels like a living mandala of nature, memory, cosmos, and compassion.","primary_figures":["pilgrims performing snāna and dīpa-dāna","cows and calves","a cuckoo (kokilā)","sages in the distance","symbolic golden lotus (Hiraṇyagarbha)"],"setting":"Mandala-like arrangement of groves, ghāṭas, a lotus-kund, and pastureland connected by a winding watercourse and stone paths.","lighting_mood":"forest dappled","color_palette":["leaf green","marigold gold","river blue","lamp-flame amber","lotus pink"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: central golden lotus-kund (Hiraṇyagarbha) with heavy gold-leaf radiance; surrounding vignettes—Kokilā grove with jeweled bird, Mahālaya ghāṭa with rows of oil lamps and offerings, Goprekṣa pasture with ornamented cows; rich reds/greens, embossed gold borders, gem-studded highlights on lamps and lotus petals, temple-arch framing.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: delicate pastoral scene with lyrical trees and soft water; tiny lamps on the river at Mahālaya; a luminous but subtle golden lotus at Hiraṇyagarbha; cows rendered with gentle naturalism; cool greens and pinks, refined faces, airy composition.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines and stylized flora; prominent golden lotus emblem; rhythmic lamp motifs at the ghāṭa; cows with decorative patterns; warm red/yellow/green palette, temple-wall symmetry and ornamental borders.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: central lotus mandala with gold detailing; border filled with floral creepers and peacock motifs; Goprekṣa cows arranged in decorative rows; Mahālaya lamps as repeating patterns; deep blue background with lotus pink and marigold gold accents, intricate textile-like ornamentation."}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"meditative","suggested_raga":"Bhupali","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"serene","sound_elements":["birdsong (cuckoo call)","soft flowing water","oil-lamp crackle","distant temple bell","silence between phrases"]}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: चैव = च + एव; हिरण्यगर्भं = हिरण्य + गर्भम् (समास); चैवमनुत्तमम् = च + एवम् + अनुत्तमम्
FAQs
It functions as a catalog-style line, preserving names of multiple tīrthas (Kokilākhya, Mahālaya, Hiraṇyagarbha, Goprekṣa) as part of the Padma Purāṇa’s sacred-geography mapping, where merit is associated with visiting or venerating specific sites.
Indirectly: by elevating tīrthas as “anuttama” (unsurpassed), it supports a devotional culture where pilgrimage, remembrance, and reverence toward holy places become concrete expressions of faith and religious practice.
The ethical thrust is valuing dharmic practices that purify and orient life toward the sacred—such as honoring tīrthas—encouraging humility, restraint, and intentional living through contact with spiritually significant places.