Shloka 86

Karma, Non-Violence, Tīrtha & Gaṅgā Merit, Vaiṣṇava Protection, Śālagrāma Worship, and Ekādaśī as Deliverance

Devanagari script

तस्माद्धर्म्मान्वितैस्त्याज्यं परदारोपसेवनम् । नयंति परदारास्तु नरकानेकविंशतिम्

Transliteration

tasmāddharmmānvitaistyājyaṃ paradāropasevanam | nayaṃti paradārāstu narakānekaviṃśatim

Translation

ฉะนั้น ผู้ตั้งมั่นในธรรมพึงละเว้นการคบหากับภรรยาของผู้อื่น เพราะความสัมพันธ์อันผิดศีลธรรมนี้ย่อมนำผู้คนไปสู่นรกยี่สิบเอ็ดขุม

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore
• तस्मात्: Hetu (Cause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोगवत् (तस्मात् = therefore), पञ्चमी-रूपेण हेत्वर्थे

• धर्मान्वितैः: by those endowed with dharma
• धर्मान्वितैः: Karta (Agent, implied ‘by the righteous’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्वित (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; ‘धर्मेण अन्वित’ इति तृतीया-तत्पुरुष; विशेषणम् (जनैः)

• त्याज्यम्: should be abandoned
• त्याज्यम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/Predicate (Obligation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्याज्य (कृदन्त; त्यज् धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (तव्यत्/यत्-प्रत्ययार्थक gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषणम् = ‘to be abandoned’

• परदारोपसेवनम्: approaching others’ wives
• परदारोपसेवनम्: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परदार (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) + उपसेवन (प्रातिपदिक; उप + सेव्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष = ‘परदाराणाम् उपसेवनम्’

• नयन्ति: lead
• नयन्ति: Kriyā (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नी (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• परदाराः: others’ wives
• परदाराः: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परदार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘परस्य दाराः’ षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष

• तु: but / indeed
• तु: Discourse particle
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (विरोध/विशेषार्थक particle)

• नरकान्: hells
• नरकान्: Karma (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• एकविंशतिम्: twenty-one
• एकविंशतिम्: Viśeṣaṇa (Numeral qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एकविंशति (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; संख्यावाचक; (एक + विंशति) इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व-समासप्रकृतिः, ‘21’

Speaker

Unspecified narrator/teacher voice (context not provided in input).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: तस्माद्धर्म्मान्वितैस्त्याज्यं = तस्मात् + धर्मान्वितैः + त्याज्यम्; परदारोपसेवनम् = परदार + उपसेवनम्; परदारास्तु = परदाराः + तु

FAQs

What ethical rule is taught in this verse?

It instructs a dharma-guided person to renounce para-dāra-upasevana—sexual involvement with another man’s wife—treating it as a serious moral transgression.

What consequence does the verse associate with this act?

It states that such illicit relations lead one to “twenty-one hells” (eka-viṃśati narakāḥ), emphasizing severe karmic consequence.

How is this relevant to the Svarga-khaṇḍa’s themes?

Svarga-khaṇḍa commonly contrasts righteous conduct that leads to higher realms with sinful conduct that results in naraka; this verse functions as a direct dharmic warning within that framework.