Shloka 16

Tīrtha-Māhātmya: Dharmatīrtha, Plakṣādevī Sarasvatī, Śākambharī, and Suvarṇa

Kṛṣṇa–Rudra Episode

Devanagari script

आतिथ्यं च कृतं तेषां शाकेन किल भारत । ततः शाकंभरीत्येवं नाम तस्याः प्रतिष्ठितम्

Transliteration

ātithyaṃ ca kṛtaṃ teṣāṃ śākena kila bhārata | tataḥ śākaṃbharītyevaṃ nāma tasyāḥ pratiṣṭhitam

Translation

และโอ้ภารตะ กล่าวกันว่าพระนางทรงต้อนรับอาคันตุกะเหล่านั้นด้วยผักพืชเป็นภัตตาหาร ด้วยเหตุนี้พระนามของพระนางจึงสถาปนาว่า “ศากัมภรี”

Word by Word

• आतिथ्यम्: hospitality
• आतिथ्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आतिथ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति (Nominative/Accusative), एकवचन (singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• कृतम्: was done / performed
• कृतम्: Kriya (क्रिया) / Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे ‘आतिथ्यम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive), बहुवचन (plural), सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• शाकेन: with vegetables/greens
• शाकेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन (singular)

• किल: indeed / it is said
• किल: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: किल (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), प्रसिद्ध्यर्थ/श्रुत्यर्थ (reportative/emphatic)

• भारत: O Bhārata
• भारत: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सम्बोधन विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (singular)

• ततः: thereafter / from that
• ततः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण) / Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय; तद्-तसिल्)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), अपादान/काल/क्रमबोधक (from that/thereafter)

• शाकंभरी: Śākambharī (name/title)
• शाकंभरी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाक + भरी (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (śāka-bharī = ‘bearing/possessing vegetables’ as a name)

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उक्त्यर्थक अव्यय (quotative particle)

• एवम्: in this manner
• एवम्: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb of manner)

• नाम: name
• नाम: Karma (कर्म) / Predicative (विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘नाम’ इति नामधेयवाचक

• तस्याः: of her
• तस्याः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन (singular), स्त्रीलिङ्ग-संदर्भ (feminine referent)

• प्रतिष्ठितम्: was established / became established
• प्रतिष्ठितम्: Kriya (क्रिया) / Predicative (विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति + स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘नाम’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्/विधेयम्

Speaker

Unspecified narrator addressing Bhārata (likely within a Bhīṣma–Pulastya dialogue frame)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: forest

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: शाकंभरीत्येवम् = शाकंभरी + इति + एवम्; भक्षयेन्नियतः (in next verse) similar sandhi type. Here no further mandatory splits besides this.

Characters & Entities

• Bhārata
• Śākambharī

FAQs

Why is she called Śākambharī in this verse?

Because she offered hospitality using śāka (leafy greens), and from that act her name “Śākambharī” became established.

What ethical lesson does this verse emphasize?

It highlights the dharmic ideal of ātithya (hospitality): serving guests with what is available, performed with sincerity.

Does the verse teach anything about devotion or theology?

Indirectly, it presents a Devi-epithet grounded in compassionate nourishment—linking divine identity with sustaining life and caring for others.