Shloka 52

Hymn of Victory: Varāha, the Slaying of Hiraṇyākṣa, and the Praise of Viṣṇu

Devanagari script

हैमैः शरसहस्रैस्तु ताडितो दैत्यपुंगवः । बाधयाभ्यर्दितः क्रुद्धो धृत्वा शिखरिणं रणे

Transliteration

haimaiḥ śarasahasraistu tāḍito daityapuṃgavaḥ | bādhayābhyarditaḥ kruddho dhṛtvā śikhariṇaṃ raṇe

Translation

เมื่อถูกศรทองนับพันพุ่งกระหน่ำ อสูรผู้เป็นยอดแห่งไทตยะถูกความทุกข์บีบคั้นจนเดือดดาล แล้วในสนามรบก็ฉวยภูผายอดแหลมขึ้นเป็นอาวุธ

Word by Word

• haimaiḥ: golden
• haimaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: haima (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; qualifier of śarasahasraiḥ

• śara-sahasraiḥ: with thousands of arrows
• śara-sahasraiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक) + sahasra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात) indicating contrast/emphasis

• tāḍitaḥ: struck, beaten
• tāḍitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tāḍita (कृदन्त; √tāḍ धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/कृत), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; predicate

• daitya-puṃgavaḥ: the foremost of the demons
• daitya-puṃgavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daitya (प्रातिपदिक) + puṃgava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• bādhayā: by pain/affliction
• bādhayā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bādhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; means/cause

• abhyarditaḥ: pressed hard, tormented
• abhyarditaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: abhyardita (कृदन्त; √ard/√ṛd? धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/कृत), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; with prefix abhi-

• kruddhaḥ: angry
• kruddhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kruddha (कृदन्त; √krudh धातु)
• Form: Past participle used adjectivally; Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• dhṛtvā: having taken/held
• dhṛtvā: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dhṛ (धृ धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), prior action

• śikhariṇam: a mountain/peak-bearing (weapon or mountain)
• śikhariṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śikharin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• raṇe: in battle
• raṇe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

Speaker

Narrator (contextual battle narration; specific speaker not explicit in this single verse)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: mountain

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: śarasahasraiḥ+tu→śarasahasraistu; bādhayā+abhyarditaḥ→bādhayābhyarditaḥ.

FAQs

Who is described as the 'daityapuṃgava' in this verse?

The term daityapuṃgava means “the foremost of the Daityas,” i.e., a leading demon-chief; this single verse does not specify the personal name.

What does 'śikhariṇam' imply in the battle context?

Śikhariṇam literally means “peak-bearing,” commonly indicating a mountain or a great rocky mass; here it suggests the Daitya seizes a mountain-like object as a weapon in combat.

What ethical or thematic point does the verse convey?

It highlights how intense injury and pressure in conflict can provoke anger and escalation—an archetypal Purāṇic motif showing wrath leading to more destructive choices.