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Shloka 4

The Greatness of the Gaṅgā: Purification, Ancestor Rites, and Liberation

व्यास उवाच । गतिं चिंतयतां विप्रास्तूर्णं सामान्यजन्मनाम् । स्त्रीपुंसामीक्षणाद्यस्माद्गंगा पापं व्यपोहति

vyāsa uvāca | gatiṃ ciṃtayatāṃ viprāstūrṇaṃ sāmānyajanmanām | strīpuṃsāmīkṣaṇādyasmādgaṃgā pāpaṃ vyapohati

พระวยาสะกล่าวว่า “โอ้พราหมณ์ทั้งหลาย สำหรับชนสามัญผู้ใคร่ครวญถึงคติอันสูงสุด พระคงคาย่อมขจัดบาปได้โดยฉับพลัน เพราะเพียงได้เห็นพระนางเท่านั้น บาปของทั้งสตรีและบุรุษก็ถูกชะล้างไป”

vyāsaḥVyāsa
vyāsaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvyāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
gatimthe way; means; goal
gatim:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; कर्म
cintayatāmof those who contemplate
cintayatām:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeVerb
Rootcintay (धातु; √cint चिन्तायाम्)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle) परस्मैपद; षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; ‘चिन्तयताम्’ = “of those who are considering”
viprāḥO brāhmaṇas
viprāḥ:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सम्बोधनार्थे प्रथमा (addressing)
tūrṇamquickly
tūrṇam:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottūrṇam (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of time/manner)
sāmānyajanmanāmof ordinary births/ordinary people
sāmānyajanmanām:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsāmānya + janman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध
strīpuṃsāmof women and men
strīpuṃsām:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī + puṃs (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग समाहार; षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्वसमास (itaretara)
īkṣaṇātfrom seeing
īkṣaṇāt:
Apadana (Cause/Source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootīkṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; अपादान (from seeing)
ādiand so on; etc.
ādi:
Sambandha (Etc./आद्यार्थ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootādi (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; ‘आदि’ (etcetera-marker)
yasmātfrom which; because of which
yasmāt:
Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; हेतु-अपादान (from which/because of which)
gaṃgāGaṅgā
gaṃgā:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṅgā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
pāpamsin
pāpam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; कर्म
vyapohatiremoves; dispels
vyapohati:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootapa-√uh / vy-apa-√uh (धातु; √uh ऊहने/अपोहन)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: वि + अप

Vyāsa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Type: river

Sandhi Resolution Notes: viprāstūrṇaṃ = viprāḥ tūrṇam; strīpuṃsāmīkṣaṇādyasmād = strīpuṃsām īkṣaṇāt ādi yasmāt; gaṃgā pāpaṃ vyapohati is straightforward.

V
Vyāsa
G
Gaṅgā

FAQs

The verse highlights Gaṅgā-darśana—simply seeing the Gaṅgā—as a powerful purifying act, especially for ordinary people seeking their spiritual goal.

No. It explicitly states that the Gaṅgā removes sin for both women and men (strī-puṃsām), emphasizing broad accessibility.

It teaches that sincere orientation toward one’s higher ‘gati’ (spiritual end) combined with reverent contact—beginning even with mere sight—of a sacred tīrtha supports inner purification and moral renewal.