Shloka 98

The Five Great Sacrifices: Supremacy of Honoring Parents, Pativrata Dharma, Truthfulness, and Śrāddha

Devanagari script

पत्नीव कामदेवस्य शचीव वासवस्य च । तस्य प्राणसमा भार्या सुन्दरी नाम सुन्दरी

Transliteration

patnīva kāmadevasya śacīva vāsavasya ca | tasya prāṇasamā bhāryā sundarī nāma sundarī

Translation

ดุจภริยาของกามเทพ และดุจพระศจีชายาของวาสวะ (พระอินทร์) นางผู้เป็นดั่งชีวิตของเขามีนามว่า สุนทรี—สมดังนาม “ผู้เลอโฉม”

Word by Word

• पत्नी: wife
• पत्नी: Upamana (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पत्नी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• इव: like
• इव: Sambandha (Comparison/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमावाचक-अव्यय (particle of comparison)

• कामदेवस्य: of Kāma-deva (god of love)
• कामदेवस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक) + देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• शची: Śacī
• शची: Upamana (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शची (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• इव: like
• इव: Sambandha (Comparison/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमावाचक-अव्यय (particle of comparison)

• वासवस्य: of Vāsava (Indra)
• वासवस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वासव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• प्राणसमा: equal to (his) life; as dear as life
• प्राणसमा: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राण (प्रातिपदिक) + सम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषः (प्राणैः समा/प्राणसमा); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• भार्या: wife
• भार्या: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• सुन्दरी: Sundarī
• सुन्दरी: Samjna (Apposition/संज्ञा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुन्दरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; नाम (proper name)

• नाम: named
• नाम: Sambandha (Naming/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय)
• Form: नामनिर्देशक-अव्यय (indeclinable meaning 'named')

• सुन्दरी: beautiful
• सुन्दरी: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुन्दरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण

Speaker

Unspecified narrator (within the Adhyaya’s running narration; not explicit in the provided excerpt).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shringara

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: city

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: पत्नीव = पत्नी + इव; शचीव = शची + इव.

Characters & Entities

• Kāmadeva
• Śacī
• Vāsava (Indra)
• Sundarī

FAQs

Why are Kāmadeva and Śacī mentioned in this verse?

They function as archetypal benchmarks of beauty and ideal consorthood—Kāma’s beloved and Indra’s queen—used to praise Sundarī by comparison.

What does the phrase “prāṇasamā bhāryā” imply?

It means “equal to one’s life-breath,” indicating she is cherished as dearly as life itself—an idiom for profound affection and inseparability.

Is this verse teaching a moral or giving a narrative detail?

Primarily narrative and descriptive: it introduces or praises a character (Sundarī) through elevated Purāṇic similes, indirectly reflecting ideals of marital devotion.