Shloka 19

Brahmin Right Conduct: Morning Remembrance, Bathing, Purification, and Tarpaṇa Method

Devanagari script

जलराशौ च वप्रे च घटस्नानं तथोत्तरम् । कारयेद्विधिवन्मर्त्यः सर्वपापक्षयाय च

Transliteration

jalarāśau ca vapre ca ghaṭasnānaṃ tathottaram | kārayedvidhivanmartyaḥ sarvapāpakṣayāya ca

Translation

ในแหล่งน้ำและที่ตลิ่ง/คันดิน มนุษย์พึงประกอบฆฏสฺนาน (อาบด้วยหม้อน้ำ) ตามพิธี แล้วทำกรรมถัดไปด้วย เพื่อความสิ้นไปแห่งบาปทั้งปวงโดยสิ้นเชิง

Word by Word

• jala-rāśau: in a mass of water
• jala-rāśau: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jala (प्रातिपदिक) + rāśi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• vapre: on a bank/embankment
• vapre: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vapra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, conjunction

• ghaṭa-snānam: pot-bath (bathing with a water-pot)
• ghaṭa-snānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ghaṭa (प्रातिपदिक) + snāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb

• uttaram: next/thereafter
• uttaram: Karma/Prayojana (कर्म/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: uttara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); used adverbially ‘afterwards/next’ qualifying implied act

• kārayet: should cause to be done/should perform (by arrangement)
• kārayet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु) (णिच् causative)
• Form: Causative verb (णिच्): √kṛ → kāray-; Vidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person, Singular; Parasmaipada

• vidhi-vat: according to the prescribed rule
• vidhi-vat: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vidhi (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (तद्धित)
• Form: Avyaya (क्रियाविशेषण), manner-adverb; ‘according to rule’

• martyaḥ: a mortal/person
• martyaḥ: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: martya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• sarva-pāpa-kṣayāya: for the destruction of all sins
• sarva-pāpa-kṣayāya: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + pāpa (प्रातिपदिक) + kṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (multi-member) compound; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, conjunction/particle

Speaker

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context not supplied for dialogue attribution).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: tirtha

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: tathottaram → tathā + uttaram; kārayedvidhivanmartyaḥ → kārayet + vidhivat + martyaḥ (euphonic joining).

FAQs

What does this verse reveal about the geography of sacred Tirthas?

It points to accessible sacred-water settings—large natural water bodies (jalarāśi) and constructed reservoirs or their banks (vāpī/vapra)—as valid locations for purificatory bathing rites.

How does this verse emphasize the path of Bhakti?

Rather than describing devotion directly, it supports a broader Purāṇic framework where bodily and ritual purity (snāna done vidhivat) prepares the practitioner for worship and devotional disciplines.

What is the ethical lesson from this dialogue?

The ethical emphasis is on disciplined, rule-guided practice: purification is linked to intentional, properly performed actions (vidhivat), not merely to claims of purity.