Shloka 89
The Glory of Śrāddha at Sacred Fords and the Determination of the Kutapa Time
अष्टावेते यतस्तस्मात्कुतपा इति विश्रुताः । ऊर्ध्वं मुहुर्त्तात्कुतपान्महूर्त्तं च चतुष्टयम्
aṣṭāvete yatastasmātkutapā iti viśrutāḥ | ūrdhvaṃ muhurttātkutapānmahūrttaṃ ca catuṣṭayam
เพราะมีอยู่แปดประการ จึงเป็นที่เลื่องลือว่า “กุตปา” และเหนือช่วงกุตปานั้น ยังมีหมวดมุหูรตะสี่ประการ (จตุษฏยะ) อีกด้วย
Unspecified (narrative/teaching voice in the chapter; speaker not provided in the excerpt)
Concept: Ritual efficacy depends on correct classification and timing; sacred time is structured (kutapā and higher divisions) and should be honored with attentiveness.
Application: Plan spiritual duties with care—set aside protected time windows for remembrance, offerings, and family obligations; precision is a form of reverence.
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: adbhuta
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A sage-like ritual teacher points to a palm-leaf chart of muhūrtas, where eight ‘Kutapā’ markers are drawn like lotus petals around a central sun-disc. Above it, four luminous time-segments rise like steps into the sky, suggesting the ascent from ordinary time into sanctified time.","primary_figures":["a ritual teacher (ācārya)","a householder student"],"setting":"a quiet courtyard near a small shrine, with a low desk, palm-leaf manuscripts, and a sun-dial-like diagram; distant river hinted as a silver band","lighting_mood":"divine radiance","color_palette":["saffron","palm-leaf tan","vermillion","sky blue","soft gold"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: an ācārya holding a stylus over a gold-embellished muhūrta mandala, ornate borders with gold leaf, rich red-green textiles, stylized sun-disc at the center, symmetrical composition, gem-like highlights on manuscript edges.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: intimate teaching scene with delicate linework, the muhūrta chart painted like a floral mandala, cool blues and gentle ochres, refined faces, airy veranda with distant hills and a pale sun.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines, flat color fields, the time-mandala as a circular motif with four ascending panels above, red-yellow-green dominance, temple-wall framing and rhythmic ornamentation.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: a central sun-lotus mandala labeled with eight kutapā petals, four upper panels like temple arches, intricate floral borders, deep blue background with gold highlights, peacocks at corners symbolizing cyclical time."}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"narrative","suggested_raga":"Yaman","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"reverent-soft","sound_elements":["soft bell strokes","turning palm leaves","distant water","gentle drone (tanpura)"]}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: अष्टावेते = अष्टौ + एते; यतस्तस्मात् = यतः + तस्मात्; मुहुर्त्तात्कुतपान् = मुहूर्तात् + कुतपान्; कुतपान्महूर्त्तम् = कुतपान् + महूर्तम्
FAQs
It defines a time-division called ‘Kutapā’ as a set of eight, and then notes an additional four-muhūrta grouping above it.
Catuṣṭayam literally means “a set of four,” here indicating a fourfold group of muhūrtas (time units).
No. This verse is technical in nature and focuses on time reckoning rather than naming deities, tīrthas, or ritual sites.