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Shloka 4

The Account of King Yayāti: Kāmasaras, Rati’s Tears, and the Birth of Aśrubindumatī

within the Mātā–Pitṛ Tīrtha Narrative

निवृत्ते नाटके तस्मिन्गतेषु तेषु भूपतिः । जराभिभूतो धर्मात्मा कामसंसक्तमानसः

nivṛtte nāṭake tasmingateṣu teṣu bhūpatiḥ | jarābhibhūto dharmātmā kāmasaṃsaktamānasaḥ

เมื่อการแสดงนั้นสิ้นสุดและพวกเขาจากไปแล้ว พระราชาผู้ทรงธรรมก็ถูกชราครอบงำ จิตของพระองค์พันผูกอยู่กับกามคุณ

निवृत्तेhaving ended/ceased
निवृत्ते:
अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Locative)
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-वृत् (धातु) → निवृत्त (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/ktá); Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) agreeing with 'नाटके'
नाटकेin the drama/play
नाटके:
अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootनाटक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग); Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
तस्मिन्in that (time/thing)
तस्मिन्:
अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम); Masculine/Neuter; Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
गतेषुwhen (they) had gone
गतेषु:
अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Locative)
TypeAdjective
Rootगम् (धातु) → गत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast active participle (क्त/ktá); Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) agreeing with 'तेषु'
तेषुamong them/when they (were gone)
तेषु:
अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम); Masculine/Neuter; Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)
भूपतिःthe king
भूपतिः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootभूपति (प्रातिपदिक) = भू + पति
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग); Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
जराभिभूतःovercome by old age
जराभिभूतः:
कर्तृसम्बन्धी विशेषण (Adjectival to subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootजरा + अभि + भू (धातु) → अभिभूत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/ktá) of अभि-भू; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); compound: जरा- (instrumental sense) + अभिभूत = 'overcome by old age'
धर्मात्माthe righteous-souled one
धर्मात्मा:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject; apposition to भूपतिः)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग); Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); bahuvrīhi: 'whose self is dharma' = righteous-souled
कामसंसक्तमानसःwhose mind was attached to desire
कामसंसक्तमानसः:
कर्तृसम्बन्धी विशेषण (Adjectival to subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootकाम + संसक्त + मानस (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग); Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); bahuvrīhi: 'whose mind (मानस) is attached (संसक्त) to desire (काम)'

Narrator (contextual; specific speaker not stated in the provided verse alone)

Concept: Worldly entertainments end; what remains is the mind’s conditioning—if desire persists, even a dharmic person can be overrun when strength wanes.

Application: After pleasures or social events, return to a stabilizing practice (prayer, reflection, restraint); notice how the mind clings after the ‘show’ ends.

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A grand court stage now stands empty—curtains drawn, musicians departing—while the king remains seated, shoulders slightly slumped, eyes glazed with longing. The last oil lamps flicker, casting long shadows that seem to coil around him like desire itself, while the quiet of the hall amplifies his inner turmoil.","primary_figures":["the king (dharmātmā yet kāma-sakta)","departing dancers/musicians","a lone minister or priest in the background"],"setting":"royal sabhā with a small stage, scattered flower petals, abandoned instruments, and fading incense","lighting_mood":"forest dappled","color_palette":["fading saffron","charcoal black","copper glow","dusty rose","indigo"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: opulent court hall with gold-leaf pillars; empty stage with garlands, departing performers; the king seated under a dim lamp, expression conflicted; jewel-toned reds/greens with gold highlights, ornate textiles, dramatic shadowing to show desire’s grip.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: quiet post-performance court scene; delicate figures exiting, the king isolated in the center; subtle gradients of dusk, refined facial melancholy, petals and instruments rendered with fine detail, architectural elegance.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: stylized sabhā with bold outlines; performers in a procession leaving, the king static and heavy-eyed; warm reds and yellows with green accents, lamp flames as rhythmic motifs, moral narrative clarity.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: allegorical ‘nāṭaka of life’—a stage framed by lotus borders, the king as central figure surrounded by swirling floral patterns representing kāma; deep blue background with gold and pink lotuses, ornate border work."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"narrative","suggested_raga":"Yaman","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"reverent-soft","sound_elements":["fading drum echoes","anklet bells (distant)","lamp crackle","silence"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: तस्मिन् + गतेषु → तस्मिन्गतेषु; काम + संसक्त + मानसः → कामसंसक्तमानसः

FAQs

It highlights how even a generally righteous person can become mentally bound by desire, especially when weakened by age or circumstance—implying the need for vigilance and detachment (vairāgya).

To show the inner tension between dharma and kama: moral disposition alone may not prevent attachment unless supported by disciplined awareness and self-control.

Do not assume virtue is permanent; cultivate steady restraint and discrimination so that changing conditions (like aging, fatigue, or temptation) do not pull the mind into harmful attachment.