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Shloka 32

Yayāti’s Vaiṣṇava Rule and the Earth Made Like Vaikuṇṭha

with Viṣṇu Name-Invocation

रुदमाना गताः सर्वे धर्मराजं परस्परम् । तत्सर्वं कथितं दूतैश्चेष्टितं भूपतेस्तु तैः

rudamānā gatāḥ sarve dharmarājaṃ parasparam | tatsarvaṃ kathitaṃ dūtaiśceṣṭitaṃ bhūpatestu taiḥ

คร่ำครวญแล้วทั้งหมดก็ไปพร้อมกันยังธรรมราช (ยมะ) ครั้นแล้วทูตทั้งหลายได้กราบทูลทุกสิ่ง—ทั้งการกระทำและความประพฤติของพระราชานั้น

rudamānāḥcrying
rudamānāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootrudamāna (कृदन्त; √rud धातु)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ/शानच्), आत्मनेपद-भाव, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘while crying’
gatāḥwent
gatāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootgata (कृदन्त; √gam धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त) used predicatively; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘(they) went’
sarveall
sarve:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; used substantively ‘all (of them)’
dharma-rājamto Dharma-rāja (Yama)
dharma-rājam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक) + rāja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (dharmasya rājā)
parasparammutually
parasparam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootparaspara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव/अव्ययवत् प्रयोग; adverb ‘mutually/among themselves’
tatthat
tat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; demonstrative, qualifies ‘sarvam’
sarvameverything
sarvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; object/content ‘everything’
kathitamwas narrated
kathitam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkathita (कृदन्त; √kath धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त) used predicatively; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; passive sense ‘was told’
dūtaiḥby the messengers
dūtaiḥ:
Karaṇa/Kartṛ (करण/कर्तृ)
TypeNoun
Rootdūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; agent/instrument in passive
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
ceṣṭitamthe deed/behavior
ceṣṭitam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootceṣṭita (कृदन्त; √ceṣṭ धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त) used substantively; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; ‘conduct/deed’
bhū-pateḥof the king
bhū-pateḥ:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootbhū (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (bhūyāḥ patiḥ)
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अवधारण-अव्यय (contrast/emphasis particle)
taiḥby them
taiḥ:
Karaṇa/Kartṛ (करण/कर्तृ)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; demonstrative pronoun referring to dūtaiḥ

Narrator (contextual; specific dialogue speaker not identifiable from the single verse alone)

Concept: Every action of a ruler (and by extension any person) becomes reportable karma; nothing is lost in the moral record.

Application: Live as if your daily conduct will be narrated back to you—choose transparency, restraint, and compassion in speech and governance.

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Type: celestial_realm

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A procession of trembling attendants and messengers, eyes reddened with tears, approaches the austere court of Dharmarāja. Scrolls of deeds and symbolic ledgers are unfurled as the dūtas narrate the king’s every act, while the air feels heavy with inevitability and moral gravity.","primary_figures":["Dharmarāja (Yama)","Yama-dūtas (messengers)","weeping petitioners/attendants"],"setting":"A vast judgment hall in Yamaloka with dark stone pillars, iron-like gateways, and a central throne flanked by record-keepers.","lighting_mood":"torch-lit, shadowed solemnity","color_palette":["obsidian black","smoky indigo","burnished bronze","deep maroon","ashen gray"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: Dharmarāja enthroned in a severe celestial court, gold leaf outlining the throne, halo and ornaments; messengers in dynamic poses presenting palm-leaf records, rich reds and greens with gem-studded details, dramatic symmetry, traditional South Indian iconographic clarity.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: a lyrical yet tense court scene with delicate linework—Dharmarāja seated under an arched pavilion, messengers clustered with scrolls, cool muted palette, refined faces showing grief, layered architectural depth and atmospheric perspective.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold black outlines and temple-wall composition—Dharmarāja with large expressive eyes, attendants holding record tablets, earthy reds/yellows/greens, rhythmic ornamentation, solemn narrative clarity.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: a moral-court tableau framed by intricate floral borders and lotus motifs; stylized architecture, deep blues and gold accents, narrative panels showing messengers reporting deeds, ornate textile-like detailing."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["low temple bell","distant conch shell","heavy silence between phrases","soft echoing footsteps"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: tatsarvaṃ = tat + sarvam; dūtaiśceṣṭitam = dūtaiḥ + ca + ceṣṭitam; bhūpatestu = bhūpateḥ + tu.

D
Dharmarāja (Yama)
D
dūta (messengers)
B
bhūpati (king)

FAQs

Dharmarāja refers to Yama, the cosmic judge associated with death and the moral accounting of beings according to karma.

The verse underscores accountability: a ruler’s deeds and conduct are subject to moral scrutiny, implying that power does not exempt one from karmic consequences.

Not directly; it functions more as a dharma/karma statement within the narrative—highlighting judgment and ethical causality—rather than explicit devotional theology.