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Shloka 55

Kāṣṭhīla-Upākhyāna: Rākṣasī, Spear-Śakti, and Kāśī as Śakti-kṣetra

पापं किमत्र तन्मत्तः सम्यक्छृणु स्वयं वर । अलीकं नैव वक्तव्यं प्राणैः कंठगतैरपि ॥ ५५ ॥

pāpaṃ kimatra tanmattaḥ samyakchṛṇu svayaṃ vara | alīkaṃ naiva vaktavyaṃ prāṇaiḥ kaṃṭhagatairapi || 55 ||

“เรื่องนี้มีบาปอะไร?”—โอผู้ประเสริฐ จงฟังจากเราด้วยความตั้งใจ แม้ลมหายใจจะขึ้นมาถึงคอ ก็ไม่พึงกล่าวเท็จ

पापम्sin
पापम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपाप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; वाक्ये प्रश्नार्थं (as predicate/accusative)
किम्what
किम्:
Prashna (प्रश्न/Interrogative)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक
अत्रhere/in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Context)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)
तत्-मत्तःfrom me
तत्-मत्तः:
Apadana (अपादान/Source)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + मत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘तस्मात् मत्तः’ = from me (who am that) / from me
सम्यक्properly
सम्यक्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक् (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
शृणुlisten
शृणु:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
स्वयम्yourself
स्वयम्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम् (अव्यय)
Formस्वार्थक-अव्यय (reflexive adverb)
वरO best one
वर:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootवर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
अलीकम्falsehood
अलीकम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootअलीक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन
not
:
Nishedha (निषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
एवindeed/at all
एव:
Avadharana (अवधारण/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis/only)
वक्तव्यम्should be spoken
वक्तव्यम्:
Vidhi (विधि/Obligation)
TypeAdjective
Rootवच् (धातु) + तव्यत् (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formकृत्य-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/‘to be spoken’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विधेय
प्राणैःwith (one's) life-breaths
प्राणैः:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
कण्ठ-गतैःhaving come up to the throat (i.e., at the point of death)
कण्ठ-गतैः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootकण्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) + गत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past passive participle of √गम्), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘कण्ठे गत’ = having reached the throat
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अपि-कार-अव्यय (even/also)

Narada (teaching/admonishing the interlocutor in a dharma context)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: shanta

FAQs

It establishes satya (truthfulness) as a non-negotiable pillar of dharma: spiritual integrity is tested most when life is threatened, and the verse insists truth must not be abandoned even then.

Bhakti is not merely ritual emotion; it is sustained by purity of conduct. Speaking truth and refusing falsehood preserves inner sattva, making the mind fit for sincere remembrance and worship.

It highlights dharmic discipline rather than a technical Vedanga: the practical takeaway is ethical restraint of speech (vāṅ-niyama), a core sadācāra principle supporting mantra-japa, vrata observance, and tīrtha conduct.