Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 21

Honoring the Mother (Mātṛpūjanam): Consent, Equity, and Dana to Restore Household Dharma

वरं हि छेदनं मूर्ध्नस्तत्क्षणात्तु वरासिना । का दृष्ट्या दयितं कांतं निरीक्षेदन्ययाहृतम् ॥ २१ ॥

varaṃ hi chedanaṃ mūrdhnastatkṣaṇāttu varāsinā | kā dṛṣṭyā dayitaṃ kāṃtaṃ nirīkṣedanyayāhṛtam || 21 ||

ยอมให้ศีรษะถูกตัดในบัดดลด้วยดาบอันประเสริฐยังดีกว่า; แต่สตรีใดเล่าจะทนมองด้วยตาตนเอง เมื่อสามีอันเป็นที่รักถูกผู้อื่นฉกชิงไป?

वरम्better
वरम्:
विशेष्य/प्राधान्य (Predicate nominal)
TypeNoun
Rootवर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः ‘better (is)’
हिindeed
हि:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle) = indeed/for
छेदनम्cutting
छेदनम्:
कर्ता/वाक्यविषय (Subject/predicate topic)
TypeNoun
Rootछेदन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
मूर्ध्नःof the head
मूर्ध्नः:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootमूर्धन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन
तत्-क्षणात्from that very moment
तत्-क्षणात्:
अपादान (Apādāna/Ablative-source)
TypeNoun
Rootतत् (प्रातिपदिक) + क्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुषार्थः ‘that very moment’
तुbut
तु:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle) = but/indeed
वर-आसिनाwith an excellent sword
वर-आसिना:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootवर (प्रातिपदिक) + असि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘वरः असिः’ (excellent sword)
काwhat woman/who
का:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम
दृष्ट्याwith (her) sight
दृष्ट्या:
करण (Karaṇa/Means)
TypeNoun
Rootदृष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन
दयितम्beloved
दयितम्:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootदयित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण
कान्तम्lover/husband
कान्तम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकान्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन
निरीक्षेत्would look at
निरीक्षेत्:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootनि-ईक्ष् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
अन्ययाby another woman
अन्यया:
करण (Karaṇa/Agent-instrumental)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; ‘by another (woman)’
आहृतम्taken away
आहृतम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object; participle qualifying kāntam)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-हृ (धातु)
Formक्त (Past Passive Participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगः—‘brought/taken away’

Unspecified (narrative voice within Narada Purana; likely a woman expressing distress in a moral/narrative episode)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

FAQs

It dramatizes the intensity of human attachment and grief, using a stark comparison to show how unbearable adharma (a beloved being taken unjustly) appears—prompting the listener to reflect on restraint, righteousness, and the limits of worldly dependence.

By revealing how overwhelming worldly clinging can be, the verse indirectly points to the need for higher refuge; in the Purāṇic frame, channeling love toward the Divine (especially Viṣṇu) steadies the mind beyond the shocks of loss and injustice.

Vyākaraṇa-style clarity of compounds and participles is notable (e.g., anyayāhṛtam = anyayā + āhṛtam, “taken by another”), aiding precise interpretation—though no ritual or jyotiṣa instruction is directly taught in this line.